小作文
称呼
常见称呼
Mr. （先生）用于男性
Dr./Prof. （博士/教授）用于学术界
Ms. （女士）用于女性，只已婚、未婚均可，只知收信人姓名而不知性别时也可使用
Editor （编辑）
Dear Sir or Madam 用于不知收信人姓名时
To Whom It May Concern 用于不知收信人姓名时（一般仅用于推荐信、证明信、鉴定信一类）
结尾段
公务信函
请求信
- I would like to express my gratitude for your kind consideration of my requests. I look forward to hearing from you soon.
- I really appreciate your attention and hope to hear from you soon.
- I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.
- We will appreciate it if you could reply to our invitation at your earliest convenience. We are looking forward to your participation.
- Thank you for taking time to read this letter. If detailed information is required, please reach me at 12345678.
- Hopefully my recommendations are helpful and wish you a delightful journey.
回复信
- It is hoped that my reply will be of help and please email me if you have any further questions.
道歉信
- Please accept my sincere apologies for any inconveniences my leaving may cause.
- Again, I would like to apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused you. Looking forward to your reply.
结束语
公务信函
- Yours sincerely,
- Yours truly,
- Yours respectfully,
私人信函
- Yours sincerely,
- Yours lovingly,
- Yours,
- Yours cordially,
- Yours faithfully,
- Yours affectionately,
模板
建议信——活动
Dear _____ ，
Thank your for trusting me to arrange ___活动___ . Now the ___活动___ is ready expect for ___主题___ , so I’m writing to offer my advice regarding ___主题___ .
I suggest ___建议内容___ . Given that ___原因一___ , people/students will surely benefit from it in terms of ___益处___ . Moreover, ___原因二___ , which is a great way to ___目的___.
___活动___ will be held from ___时间___ to ___时间___ at/in ___地点___ . I am waiting for your response on this matter.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
（模版词数：61。修改自19年优秀范文。）
道歉信
Dear _____ ，
I am writing to apologize for ___道歉事由___ , since ___简述原因___ . I am terribly sorry for any inconvenience this causes you and any changes that it necessitate in your current plans.
I have been looking forward to seeing you since we made the appointment. Unexpectedly, I _____ .If it is possible, I would like to reschedule our appointment at a time that is convenient for you.
Thank you for understanding in this matter. Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
（模版词数：76。修改自18年优秀范文。）
接受邀请信
Dear _____ ,
I have received your letter inviting me to ___具体邀请内容___ . Thank you for your invitation. I am pleased to accept it.
My presentation would be focused on ___讲座主题___ . The key points of my presentation would be as follows. To begin with, ___要点一___ . Then, I will focus on ___要点二___ . Furthermore, ___要点三___ .
Thank you one again for your kind invitation. I am looking forward to meeting you soon.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
（模版词数：74。修改自17年优秀范文。）
大作文
图表术语
- table：表格图
- pie chart：饼状图
- bar chart/column chart：柱状图
- line graph/line chart：曲线图
增加/上升/提高
动词
increase、grow、rise、climb、expand、jump、leap、ascend、skyrocket、accumulate、surge、soar、swell
词组
- go/push up
- post/register/manage a moderate/small gain
- gain a momentum
- continue its upward trend
- on the rise/increase/ascendance
名词
increase、rise、growth、expansion、pickup、gain、accumulation、ascendance、leap、jump、climb
减少/下降
动词
decrease、decline、fall、drop、reduce、descend、diminish、dwindle、plunge、plummet、drop、dip、slump、slide、shrink、collapse
词组
- go down
- drop/fall off
- take a dip
- continue its downward trend
- on the decline
名词
decrease、decline、diminishment、slowdown、crawl、slump、shrinkage、dip、drop、fall
剧烈/显著/明显
副词
dramatically、sharply、considerably、rapidly、suddenly、greatly、alarmingly、significantly、enormously、steeply、massively、incredibly、hugely、amazingly、substantially
词组
- at an alarming rate
- by leaps and bounds
- in big leaps
- by a massive leap
- by a wide margin
缓慢/逐渐
副词
gradually、steadily、slightly、gently、marginally、slowly、moderately
词组
- in a moderate way
- by the least amount
保持平稳/不变
remain stable、steady、unchanged
起伏/波动
- rise and fall
- fluctuate slightly/dramatically
- fluctuate between … and …
- a minor fluctuation
- small rises and falls/ fluctuations
首段范文
2019 某高校2013年和2018年本科毕业生去向统计
The bar chart displays dramatic changes in terms of college graduates’ choices these years. Specifically, the proportion of those who entered the field of employment after graduation declined hugely from 68.1% in 2013 to 60.7% in 2018, whereas that of those pursuing further education ascended enormously from 26.3% to 34.0% during the same time span. In the meanwhile, the five years also witnessed a slight increase from 1.3% to 2.6% in the percentage of starting a business.
2018 消费者选择餐厅时的关注因素
The pie chart clearly illustrates the factors consumers take into account when selecting a restaurant in a certain city in 2017. Among all of them, distinguishing features of a restaurant account for the largest proportion ( 36. 3% ). Next come the service and environment, which constitute 26. 8% and 23. 8% respectively, much higher than the price (8. 4%). Other factors make up 4. 7%.
2017 博物馆数量与参观人数情况
The given chart reveals China’s consecutive growth of museums and museum visitors from 2013 to 2015. The growth of museum experienced a slowdown in 2014, while the growth of museum visitors maintained a dynamic momentum.
2016 高校学生旅游目的的调查
This pie chart, simple yet illuminating, illustrates the purposes of travel for students polled in a certain university. As is reflected by the chart, 37 percent of college students travel to appreciate the beauty of the scenery; next comes the aim of relieving pressure, accounting for 33 percent. Students’ other objectives-making more friends, fostering greater independence, and other aims respectively account for 9%, 6% and 15%.
2015 居民春节假期花销比例
The chart reflects the Spring Festival spending types and their respective proportions. Chinese people’s money is mainly used for three purposes during the Spring Festival traveling, New Year’s gift giving and having dinners with friends or relatives. They account for 80 % of total spending.
2014 城市与乡村人口的变化
From 1990 to 2010 while moderate increase occurred in total population in China, population distribution experienced a dramatic shift. Urban population increased considerably from 300 million to 670 million, contrastingly rural population declined from 820 million to 680 million.
2013 大学生兼职比率逐年级递增
The rate of college students taking part-time jobs during school time rises annually from 67.77% in the first year to 88.24% in the final year. The biggest increase occurs in the graduation year, with the rate 16% higher than a year ago.
2012 工作满意度
Employees above 50 years old were most likely to report satisfaction, with 40% of them indicating they were content. Employees 40 years or younger were less willing to declare satisfaction, only 16.7% of whom said they were satisfied； instead, a third of whom expressed dissatisfaction. Employees in the 41-to-50 age group were surely unhappiest: none of them felt satisfied and the percentage of respondents reporting dissatisfaction was as high as 64%.
2011 汽车品牌市场份额变化
China’s auto market was still dominated by Japanese, Chinese and American brands. American cars remained the third most popular in the market with a slight increase in market share. A noticeable change occurred in Japanese and Chinese brands. Japanese brands, whose share of market slipped by almost 10% , were displaced from their leading position by Chinese brands, which expanded their share by nearly the same margin.
2010 手机用户量增长情况对比
As is demonstrated in the diagram, from 2000 to 2008, the mobile-phone subscription number grew sharply from 0.5 billion to 4 billion in developing countries. Contrastingly, during the same period, there was only a moderate increase ( from 0.7 billion to 1 billion) in developed countries.
总结段
- From my point of view, …
- In my opinion, …
- A conclusion can be easily drawn that …
- It is clear that …
模板
柱状/线条图
In the light of the chart above, it is evident that dramatic changes have taken place in terms of ___ 主题词 ___ these years. Specifically, the proportion/number of those who ___ 类别1（下降） ___ declined hugely/moderately from ___ 数据1 ___ in ___ 起始年 ___ to ___ 数据2 ___ in ___ 终止年 ___ ,while that of those ___ 类别2（增加） ___ ascended enormously/slightly from ___ 数据3 ___ to ___ 数据4 ___ during the same time span.
The data above illustrates a shift in people’s view regarding ___ 某领域 ___ . On the one hand , because ___ 原因 ___ ,it’s not surprising that the proportion/number of ___ 类别1 ___ remains pretty high. On the other hand, this trend/idea is also changing. With the advancement of/decline in ___ 影响因素 ___ , ___ 类别2 ___ which allows/brings people ___ 带来的益处 ___ becomes increasingly popular, leaving the number of those who ___ 选择类别1的群体 ___ dropping accordingly.
It can be predicted that as ___ 影响因素 ___ improves/develops, ___ 主题词 ___ will be more ___ 发展趋势 ___ . Therefore, only by ___ 建议做法 ___ , can we better embrace this new trend.
从上面的图表可以看出，很显然近年来_____发生了巨大的变化，具体而言，_____的比例/人数从_____年的_____大/小幅降至_____年底_____，而在同一时期，_____的比例/人数却从_____大/小幅升至_____。
该数据反映了人们_____观念的变迁。一方面，由于_____，_____的占比/人数仍居高不下并不奇怪。另一方面，这种趋势/观念也在悄然发生改变。随着_____的发展/下降，能令人们/给人们带来_____的_____自然愈加受到青睐，而_____的人数则相应出现下滑。
可以预见的是，随着_____的增长/发展，_____会更_____。因此，只有_____，我们才能更好的应对新发展趋势。
（模板词数：124。）
圆饼图
From the information given in the pie chart,we can see the survey on ___图表主题___ .Those _____ account for _____ ,the biggest among all of the factors,while _____ makes up only _____ .
Multiple factors underlie the phenomenon reflected in the chart. The most important factor to be considered is the fact that _____ , which has a significant effect on _____ .In the second place, _____ .
In view of the discussion above, it is no surprise to see such phenomenon in the current context of _____ .And there is reason to believe that this trend will continue in the years to come.
从饼状图显示的信息中，我们可以看到关于_____的调查。那些_____占比_____，在所有因素中占比最高，而_____占比仅为_____。
图表所反映的现象是许多因素合力的结果。其中最重要的因素是_____这一事实，它对_____有重要影响。其次，_____。
基于上述探讨，在当下_____的背景下出现这种现象不足为奇，而且有理由相信这一趋势在未来仍会持续。
（模板词数：94。第二段分析现象背后的两方面原因；第三段发表对图中现象/趋势的总体看法，并对未来情形做出判断。）
优化版
圆饼图/图表
From the information given in the pie chart/table,we can see the survey on ___ 图表主题 ___ .Those _____ account for _____ ,the biggest among all of the factors. Followed by/Next comes ______,with the percentage of ______ ,while _____ makes up merely/only _____ .
Multiple factors underlie the phenomenon reflected in the diagram. The most important element to be considered is that _____ ,which has a significant effect on _____ .In the second place, _____ .Finally _____.
In view of the discussion above, it is no surprise to see such phenomenon in the current context of _____ .And there is a reason to believe that this trend will continue in the years to come.
柱状/线条图
From the information given in the bar/line chart,we can see the survey on ___ 图表主题 ___ . Specifically, the proportion/number of those who ___ 类别1（下降） ___ declined hugely/ moderately from ___ 数据1 ___ in ___ 起始年 ___ to ___ 数据2 ___ in ___ 终止年 ___ ,while that of those ___ 类别2（增加） ___ ascended enormously/slightly from ___ 数据3 ___ to ___ 数据4 ___ during the same time span. In the meanwhile ______ .
Multiple factors underlie the phenomenon reflected in the diagram. On the one hand , because ___ 原因 ___ ,it’s not wonder that the proportion/number of ___ 类别1 ___ remains pretty high. On the other hand, this trend/idea is also changing. With the advancement of/decline in ___ 影响因素 ___ , ___ 类别2 ___ which allows/brings people ___ 带来的益处 ___ , becomes increasingly popular, leaving the number of those who ___ 选择类别1的群体 ___ dropping accordingly.
In view of the discussion above, it is no surprise to see such phenomenon in the current context of _____ .And there is a reason to believe that this trend will continue in the years to come.
单词
表明，证明，显示
display、show、indicate、demonstrate、manifest
提升
increase、improve、enhance
大大的
greatly、vastly、enormously、immensely
缩短
shorten、cut、reduce
突出的
distinct、prominent、outstanding
发明
invent、devise、create
短语
与此同时
- at the same time
- meanwhile
- during the same time span
由…组成
- consist of
- be made up of
- be composed of
占多大比例
- account for
- make/take up
满足需求
serve/meet/satisfy … need/the needs of…
快速增长
rapidly growing/increasing
越来也多的
a(n) growing/increasing number of
明显增长
increase significantly
there is a significant increase in
除了
apart from
besides
in addition to
采取措施
take measures/steps
可以预见的
It is foreseeable/predictable that
predictably
现对…而言
compared with
in comparison with
as opposed to
in contrast to
different from
unlike
上下班
commute
regular trips between home and work
get to and from work
go to work and back
交通拥堵
traffic congestion
traffic jam
traffic gridlock
又开始流行
make a comeback
become popular
begin to gain ground
begin to prevail
undergo a renaissance again
不少
quite a few
a good few
not a few
对… 有吸引力
attractive to
appealing to
越来越重视
place increasing emphasis on
attach increasing importance to
give increasing weight to
pay increasing attention to
充分利用
make full use off
make the most of
take full advantage of
最新公布的
newly released
recently published
提升
increase、improve、enhance
大大的
greatly、vastly、enormously、immensely
缩短
shorten、cut、reduce
突出(的)
distinct、prominent、outstanding
选择
choose/opt to
发明
invent、devise、create
随时使用某物
readily access sth、have ready access to sth 、use sth anytime sb want
出行、各处走动
get around
句子
另一方面…
On the other side of the coin,…
感谢
I appreciate it very much if you could …
I am very abliged to you for what you’ve done for me.
最后
Last but not least
The last point we cannot afford to neglect
随着科技的进步
with the development of science
as the science advances/progresses
集中精力做…
pay attention to sth
make a concentrated effort to do sth
毫不夸张地说
It goes with no exaggeration to say that …
随着…的到来
with the advent of …
看法因人而异，见仁见智
be a matter of opinion
This issue is a matter of opinion
我想不出比这更好的例子了
The following examples can prove my standpoint.I can think of no better illustration of this idea than …
If one more example was need, I could mention …
就…而言
form one’s point of view
as / so far as sb is concerned
所有的证据都证明这样一个事实
All available evidence justifies an indisputable fact that …
显而易见… ； 不言而喻 …
It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence to display …
得出一个无可争议的结论
arrive at an indisputable conclusion that …
制定有效的规则
lay down the effective regulations
感谢你…
I am much obliged to you because
你的态度,而不是你的天分,决定了你的高度
Your attitude， not your aptitude， determines your altitude
赠人玫瑰,手有余香
A bit of fragrance clings to the hand that gives flowers.
