考研背诵作文

英语一

1996年真题 大作文——社会热点：健康

  The desire of health is universal. With the quickening pace of urban life and ever-increasing pressure,people in growing numbers are suffering either physical or mental problems. It is generally believed that good health is the key to a happy life and a successful career.
  There are numerous ways of keeping fit. First and foremast,it is most effective to do physical exercises. People respectively choose jogging,playing basketball,swimming,skating,climbing or riding as their regular exercises because exercise never fail to make us stronger and more energetic. Moreover,we should put great emphasis on forming good habits. A balanced diet and sufficient sleep are both indispensable to physical fitness. What’s more ,mental health should also be taken seriously. Especially in adversity ,we need to maintain an optimistic mentality to pull through life’s pain and sorrow,twists and turns.
  As far as I am concerned ,I have a peculiar interest in yoga exercise,An hour’s exercise everyday usually makes me feel healthier and more vigorous. Besides,I never touch any cigarette or wine,neither do I stay up late. Instead I keep balanced diet and go to bed before 11 o’clock at night,because I believe burning the midnight oil is harmful to health. More importantly,an optimistic attitude toward life makes me confident and persistent. To sum up,all these practices guarantee a fit health and a happy life.

2005年大纲样题范文 小作文——订购信

  As I am planning to take the National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (NETEM). I have decided to place an order of some NETEM books with due consideration of the good reputation of your bookstore and the high quality of your books.
  Firstly,please give me particular accounts as regards names,authors,publishing houses and prices of those books. Secondly,I also need to know the terms of payment and after-sale service. Thirdly,I wonder if it is convenient for you to deliver those books by EMS to the headquarters of Beijing New Oriental School by January 17,2015.
  I would like to express my gratitude for your kind consideration of my requests. I look forward to hearing from you soon.

参考译文：

  由于我计划参加全国硕士研究生入学考试，我决定订购一些考研英语书籍，鉴于贵书店的良好声誉和书籍的优良品质。
  首先，请提供给我这些书的详细信息，包括书名、作者、出版社、价格。其次，我还需要了解下付款方式和售后服务。第三，我想知道您是否方便把这些书通过邮政特快寄到北京新东方学校总部，最好是在2015年1月17号之前。
  非常感谢您好心考虑我的请求。期待尽快得到您的答复。

2005年真题 小作文——辞职信+道歉信

  I am much grateful to be employed by you two months ago as an editor for your magazine Design & Fashions. I appreciate the opportunity of having worked here with you and other colleagues. The experiences will be unforgettable throughout my life.
  However,as a young man whose primary interest is in computer science rather than fashion designing,I find my present job doesn’t fall in with my previous training and strength. I therefore decide to quit this job for something else that may conform to my former preparation.
  Please accept my sincere apologies for any inconveniences my leaving may cause.

参考译文：

  我非常感激您两个月前聘用我为杂志《设计与时尚》的编辑。我非常珍惜这个和您以及其他同事共事的机会。这将是我一生中难忘的一段经历。
  但是，对于一个原本喜欢计算机科学多于时尚设计的年轻人来说，我发现目前的工作并不符合我的教育背景与个人能力。因此，我决定辞职，找一份与我从前的教育背景相关的工作。
  请接受我深深的歉意，因为我的离职可能会给您带来不便。

2005年真题 大作文——年轻人应该涵养父母

  ln the picture above,a special football game is going on where four siblings as gatekeepers are trying hard to keep the ball,their old father,out of their gates,which represent their own home. lt discloses a strange social phenomenon in contemporary Chinese society that adult children shirk responsibility for their aging parents.
  Such deeds reflect the decline of the traditional virtue of filial piety. Respecting the old and caring for the young has been among the most cherished virtues since ancient times in China. However,as the society has grown more money-oriented and people more self-interested,this virtue gets eroded along with distortion of ethical morality. How could one callous to his parents expect to be well-treated by his children when he grows old? How could it be possible for one to help other old people if he even disregards his own aging parents? The society will be threatened to be unstable if families,the basic units of a society,are not harmonious.
  How to change this unhealthy social ethos? We should vigorously advocate the traditional virtues of honoring parents and respecting the old and caring for the young in society. We need the power of ethical persuasion to encourage the young to feed the material and spiritual needs of the elderly. Furthermore,those who fail to support their elderly parents should be punished by law as well as condemned by morality. These efforts are all prerequisites for building a harmonious society in which senior citizens are looked after properly.

参考译文：

  上图中，一场特殊的足球赛正在上演四个子女作为守门员，正想方设法阻止球——他们的老父亲，进人自己的球门——他们自己的家。图片揭示了当今中国社会一种奇异的社会现象：成年子女逃避赡养年迈父母的责任。
  这种行为反映了孝道这一传统美德的衰落。自古以来，尊老爱幼就是中华民族的传统美德。然而，随着社会变得越来越金钱至上，人们越来越自私，这种美德随着伦理道德的扭曲日渐衰落。一个漠视父母的人，怎能指望年老后子女会孝敬自己?一个连自己父母都不关心的人怎么可能会帮助其他老人？如果家庭这一社会的基本单位不和睦，全社会的稳定也将受到威胁。
  要如何才能改变这种不良社会风气?我们应该在社会上大力提倡孝敬父母、尊老爱幼的传统美德。我们需要用道德劝说的力量，鼓励年轻人满足老人们的物质和精神需求。此外，那些拒绝赡养父母的不孝子孙不仅应受到道德的谴责，还应受到法律的惩罚。这些努力都是我们建设好一个”老有所养”和谐社会的前提。

2006年真题 小作文——申请信

Dear Sir or Madam，
  Moved by the noble cause of Hope Project and encouraged by what has been achieved so far,I would like to do my bit for the project by seeking a child as the recipient of my financial assistance. I’m writing to inquire about the possibility of finding a candidate.
  I would be deeply grateful if you could help me seek out a girl who has just started schooling in a remote and poor area. My plan is to pay for her tuition fee on a yearly basis till she finishes her secondary education and additionally provide her with 200 yuan living expenses each month. I would like to regularly remit my donation directly to a bank account opened by her family.
  Please contact me when you find a proper candidate. I really appreciate your attention and hope to hear from you soon.
                                   Yours faithfully,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文：

亲爱的先生或女士
  我感动于希望工程这一高尚事业，并受到了迄今所取得的成果的鼓舞，我希望通过找到一个孩子作为我经济资助的接受者为希望工程尽一己之力。我写信是想询问下是否能找到一位人选。
  如果您能帮我找到一个贫困偏远地区刚刚开始上学的女孩，我将不胜感激。我的计划是每年负责她的学费，直到她完成高中教育另外每月额外为其提供200元生活费。我希望定期把捐款直接打到她的家人开的银行账户中。
  如果您找到了合适的受助者，请与我联系。非常感谢您的关注，希望早日收到您的回复。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2006年真题 大作文——偶像崇拜

  As is shown in the photos,one man has written “Beckham”on his face and the other spends 300 yuan imitating Beckham’s chic hairstyle. The photos reveal how ftically devoted people are to their idols.
  In this pluralistic and liberal era,idol-worshipping is prevalent among the young generation. This obsession with celebrities,whether they are in the field of sports,entertainment or tech is harmless in itself,yet more often than not star-struck youngsters emphasize superficial stuff over substantial qualities,just like the two men in the pictures. They blindly copy Beckham’s looks without realizing that his achievements and international influence are the results of his hard work. Since he was a little boy,Beckham hung the tyre on the woodwork to practice free kick over and over again. His success is attributed to his diligence and perseverance.
  Handled properly,idol worship can bring the best out of usr serving as beacons to guide us towards our ideals. We should learn from luminaries’ combatant spirit,their firmness of will and unrelenting efforts and constantly improve ourselves by emulating those talented.

参考译文：

  如图中所示，一个人把。贝克汉姆”写在了他的脸上，而另一个人花了300元做”贝克汉姆”式时髦发型。图片展示了人们对自己的偶像多么狂热。
  在这个多元化、自由化的时代，追星在年轻一代中十分普遍。这种对名人的痴迷，无论他们是体育界、娱乐界还是科技界的，就其本身而言是无妨的，但是通常情况下，崇拜明星的年轻人往往重视表面，而忽视了实在的品质，正如图片中的两个人。他们盲目模仿贝克汉姆的外表，而没有意识到他的成就和国际影响力来自于他的努力。贝克汉姆从很小的时候就把汽车轮胎挂在球门框上反反复复地练习任意球。他的成功归于他的勤奋和坚持。
  如果正确对待，偶像崇拜可以发掘出我们最好的一面，作为灯塔引领我们接近理想。我们应该学习杰出人物的拼搏精神、他们的坚毅意志和不懈努力，通过效仿有才能的人从而不断完善自己。

2007年真题 小作文——建议信

Dear Sir or Madam,
  I am a student in this university who frequently comes to the library. Generally speaking,the services you offer here are quite good. However,I have some suggestions for you to make the library more user-friendly.
  To begin with,will you please consider installing self-checkout machines,which would render readers and librarians more convenience? Moreover,it is expected to adopt the online reading room reservation,which can reduce readers’ waiting time. In addition,we will be very pleased if you can provide opportunities for readers to express what we want. The traditional suggestion box and its modern incarnation—an online suggestion form on the library’s homepage are terrific ways to solicit this feedback.
  I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.
                                   Yours faithfully,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文：

尊敬的先生或女士
  我是本校的一名学生，也是图书馆的常客。总的来说，贵馆提供的服务相当不错。但是，我有几个建议，希望有助于提高图书馆的用户体验度。
  首先，贵馆能否考虑安装自助借还机呢?这会给读者和图书管理员带来更多便利。其次，希望图书馆能够采用阅览室在线预约系统，以便减少读者的等待时间。另外，如果您能广开言路，听取读者意见，我们将非常高兴。传统的”建议箱”和图书馆主页上的现代化的网上建议表，都是征集读者建议的好途径。
  若您能考虑我的建议，我将不胜感激。
                                   李明
                                   谨上

2007年真题 大作文——自信是成功的关键

  The picture depicts a breathtaking moment when the
player is nbout to shoot. At this time the goalkeeper in the player’s mind becomes a giant,who makes it incredibly dirncult to score,while the goalkeeper imagines that he is a dwarf who can barely prevent the player from scoring a goal.
  Both of them underestimate their abilities and overestimate their enemys. This kind of insecurity may lead to underperformance. The purpose of the drawing is to show us that in the face of challenges,to be undaunted and self-assured is of great importance. There are tons of people who exude confidence all the time and have achieved a great deal,one of whom is Deng Yaping,the world famous table tennis player. Her short figure doesn’t stop her from becoming a legend in the table tennis field. ® Instead,her self-confidence as well as perseverance had enabled her to win not only 18 major world champions but also respect from all over the world.
  Under the shadow of self-doubt. we may never fully release our potential or achieve success. Once we believe in ourselves,sparks of possibility may turn into flames of achievement. Just as Mark Twain said,”All you need in this life is ignorance and confidence,and then success is sure. “

参考译文：

  这幅图片描绘了球员即将射门的惊险时刻。这时，在射门员的脑海中，守门员变成了一个巨人，使得分变得无比困难而守门员却把自己想象成一个侏儒，几乎无法阻止对方进球。
  他们俩都低估了自己的能力，高估了对手的水平。这种不自信有可能导致他们表现欠佳。这幅图画旨在告诉我们，面对挑战，保持无畏和自信至关重要。固有许多人始终保持自信，并取得了巨大的成就，世界著名的乒乓球运动员邓亚萍就是其中之一。她矮小的身材没有阻挡她成为乒坛传奇。相反，凭着自信和坚持，她不仅18次获得世界冠军，而且赢得了全世界人民的尊敬。
  在自我怀疑的阴影下，我们可能永远无法完全发挥自己的潜力或取得成功。一旦我们相信自己，机会的火花便可能化作成就的火焰。正如马克·吐温所说，“自信而大智若愚地处世，成功便会水到渠成”。

2008年真题 小作文——道歉信

Dear Bob,
  I am writing to make an apology to you,for forgot to return the music CD which I borrowed from you last week. It is not until yesterday when I came back to Beijing that I found it in my luggage. I was busy preparing for my leave and it must have slipped my mind.
  To make up for my carelessness,I have mailed the CD back through EMS,along with a CD by Bob Dylan as a token of my apology. They will reach you in about one week.
  Again,I would like to apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused you. Looking forward to your reply.
                                   Yours,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文：

亲爱的鲍勃
  我写这封信是为了向你道歉，因为我忘记归还上周向你借的音乐CD了。直到昨天回到北京时，我才在行李中发现它。当时我一定是忙着准备返程，才忘记归还于你了。
  为了弥补我的粗心大意，我已经通过邮政特快专递把CD寄回去了，同时额外附上一张鲍勃·迪伦的CD,以示我的歉意。它们将在约一周内寄达。
  对于可能给你带来的不便，我再次表示歉意。期待你的回信。
                                   李明，
                                   谨上

2008年真题 大作文——合作的重要性

  Walking sticks thrown away and stumps bound together,two disabled meni each of whom has only one leg,become a powerful union and are able to run forward as any ablebodied individual. Yes,what the picture reveals is the power of teamwork. It is no exaggeration to say,”United we stand,divided we stagnate. “
  Teamwork is the spiritual power of working together toward a common vision and directing individual accomplishments toward organizational objectives. A case in point is the Spurs,an NBA team. We’ve seen teams with expensive star players outperformed by this legendary team with players who may be individually less talented. The primary reason for its success is that they take teamwork,”team chemistry”,in the coach’s words,to an unparalleled level. Aiming at “winning”,Spurs players keep passing the ball and always give chance to those on the most favorable positions to shoot! thus creating its splendid records and the”Spurs Dynasty”in NBA history.
  Collaboration can release and harness not only your skills but also those of everyone on the team,thereby producing multiplying effect. So when adversity strikes,we’d better change our ways of thinking and regard cooperation as the fuel of brilliance. Active cooperation can change unfavorable conditions into favorable ones,turning the situation around and eventually working wonders. this is the magic of cooperation !

参考译文：

  丢掉拐杖、绑起残肢，两个各自失去一条腿的残疾人成为了一个强大联盟，能够像健全的人那样向前跑去。是的，图画揭示的正是合作的力量。我们可以毫不夸张地说，”合作，我们就能生存分裂，我们会止步不前”。
  团队合作是一种朝着共同愿景努力，并把个人成就与团队目标相联系的精神力量。园NBA的马刺队便是一个典型的例子。固我们曾见过由身价不菲的明星球员组成的球队被这支由单个来看可能没那么出色的球员组成的传奇球队打败。其成功的主要原因在于，他们把团队协作，用教练的话说是”团队的化学反应”，发挥到了极致。在”赢”这一目标的导引之下，马刺队的球员在球场上通过不断地传球，总是把投篮机会留给处于最有利位置的球员，从而取得了无数辉煌的战绩，最终成就了NBA历史上的”马刺王朝”。
  合作不仅能使你更好地发挥个人能力，还能使团队中每个人的力量得到充分发挥，由此产生乘法效应。所以当逆境来临时，我们需要转换思维方式，把合作视为成就卓越的助推器。积极合作能够将劣势转化为优势，从而扭转不利局面，终将创造奇迹。这就是合作的魔力!

2009年真题 小作文——建议信

Dear Editors,
  As a faithful reader of your newspaper,I always appreciate your insightful report of social issues. I am writing to express my concern over the abuse of plastic bags.
  In some regions,plastic bags are still widely-used despite restrictions by the government. To solve the problem,I believe it is imperative for the government to further control production and usage of plastic bags. In addition,I’d like to suggest that plastic bags be offered at promoted. Furthermore,newspapers should play a major role in advocating the importance of the restrictions and the concept of green consumption.
  I hope you will find the above proposals useful and call on the public to be more involved in environmental protection.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文：

尊敬的编辑：
  我是贵报的忠实读者，一直非常你们对社会问题的深刻报道。我写这封信是为了表达本人对滥用塑料袋现象的担忧。
  在一些地区，塑料袋依然被广泛使用，全然不顾政府出台的限塑令。为了解决这一问题，我认为政府必须进一步限制塑料袋的生产和使用。此外，我建议提高塑料袋的价格，并进一步推广更为绿色环保的替代品。另外，报纸应在宣传限塑令重要意义及传播绿色消费理念方面发挥重要作用。
  希望您觉得上述建议有用，并号召公众更多地参与到环保事业中来。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2009年真题 大作文——网络的“近”与“远”

  As is illustrated in the cartoon,an enormous spider web,which symbolizes the Internet,confines people to a tiny space with its virtual walls. Everyone is well within reach,but seems quite far apart. This is the very implication of “Nearness” and “Farness” of the Internet,which vividly reveals people’s life in today’s society.
  For the past few years,instant messaging tools like QQ and Wechat have sprung up and practically been the most popular medium for interpersonal communication. Comparing with traditional letters in written form,it has sharply reduced the time cost of interpersonal communication. It is no exaggeration to say that the Internet has brought about the most dramatic revolution in the history of information exchange,and the realization of “being with each other though far apart”. But we should admit that while social networking is shrinking the distance with people,it might give rise to serious indulgence in the Internet. Once addicted to the virtual world,one would gradually lose the skill of direct contact in real life,become withdrawn and fearful of social activities of any kind,producing the embarrassing situation of “being so near yet so far”.
  How could we break through the virtual walls and be better connected by the Internet? Instead of cold text messages,sitting down with our family or friends for a chat,talking with them on the phone,and even verbal communication through video chat on social networking platforms are more capable of conveying our passions and strengthening our ties with others. What’s more,we should take a break from screens and go out to take part in more social activities. Only in this way can the Internet release its unlimited potential and get people closer to each other,thus better realizing the ideal vision that “ long distance separates no bosom friends”.

参考译文：

  如图所示，一张象征互联网的巨大蜘蛛网，把人局限在被虚拟之墙隔断的狭小的空间内。虽近在咫尺，却似相隔甚远。这就是“网络的‘近’与‘远’”所蕴含的深刻内涵，它形象地揭示了人们在当代社会生活中的情景。
  近些年来，QQ和微信等互联网即时通讯工具如雨后春笋般涌现出来，几乎成为了当前最普遍的人际交流媒介。曾与传统的以文字为载体的书信相比，互联网即时通讯工具大大降低了人际交流所需的时间成本。毫不夸张地说，互联网引起了信息传播史上最引人注目的变革，真正实现了”天涯若比邻“。但是我们也必须承认，社交网络在拉近与他人之间的距离的同时，却在某种程度上造成了严重的网络依赖症。固人一旦沉溺于虚拟世界，就会逐渐丧失在现实世界中与人交流的能力，惧怕参加任何形式的社交活动，从而变得越来越孤僻，由此造成“咫尺天涯”的尴尬局面。
  如何突破虚拟之墙的阻挡，更好地被互联网连结在一起呢?和亲人朋友坐在一起面对面聊聊天，通过手机给他们打个电话，甚至是通过互联网的视频工具进行言语交流，这些举措都会比冷冰冰的文字信息传递更多的人际间的喜怒哀乐，成为维系感情的重要纽带。另外，我们应时常离开”屏幕“，走出家门，多参加一些社交活动。只有这样，网络才能发挥其无限的潜能，真正拉近人与人之间的距离，更好地实现”海内存知己，天涯若比邻”美好愿景。

2010年真题 小作文——招募启事

                       Volunteers Wanted
  Volunteers are needed as desk clerks and guides for the International Conference on Globalization to be held in our university on Dec. 28. Basic requirements are proficiency in English and familiarity with the theme of the conference. Other requirements include good communication skills,sense of responsibility and tremendous zest for work. Priority will be given to those who are experienced in similar activities and familiar with social etiquette.
  If you want to be a part of the conference and have close contact with world-famous experts. Call 12345678 or send your resume to postgrad @ xxx. edu. cn for application and for information on the interview.
                                   Postgraduates’Association

参考译文：

                        志愿者招募告示
  我校将于12月28日举办关于全球化的国际会议，为此需要招募志愿者担任接待人员和向导。基本的要求是熟练掌握英语，熟悉会议主题。其他的要求还包括有良好的沟通技能，强烈的责任感，并对工作充满热忱。有过类似活动经验、熟悉社交礼仪的同学将予以优先考虑。
  如果你想参加本次活动，与世界知名专家近距离接触，请致电12345678或发送简历至postgrad @ xxx. edu. cn进行申请及查看面试信息。
                                   研究生会

2010年真题 大作文——文化“火锅”，既美味又营养

  The picture presents a steaming”cultural hotpot” with all kinds of foodstuffs in it,such as Buddhism,postmodernism,the Butterly Lovers and Einstein. Mixing together,these cultural ingredients look tremendously delicious and nutritious. What lies behind the picture is clear Multicultural integration is a noteworthy feature of the time and is of great benefit to the inheritance and development of world culture.
  We live in an unprecedented age of globalization,where everything is increasingly mobile across national boundaries,and culture is no exception. Multicultural elements provide spiritual nourishment for people all over the world. For instance,some of our traditional ideologies have been introduced int the western world and successfully applied to practical use to boost management effectiveness Peking opera draws on the aesthetic elements of western opera,making it more accessible to the audience worldwide and thus more likely to be passed on and developed. All countries have been benefiting greatly from absorbing different but complementary cultures,which accelerates the development of both material and spiritual civilization of human society.
  The blending of different cultures has become an irresistible trend of our time. For us Chinese,we need not only to inherit and carry forward the quintessence of traditional Chinese culture,but also to learn and incorporate what is best in western culture with an open mind. By the fusion of old and new,as well as of east and west,we can promote vigorous development and prosperity of Chinese culture,thus creating conditions for the great rej uvenation of the Chinese nation.

参考译文：

  图画展示了一个热气腾腾的”文化火锅”，里面是各种各样的食材,如”佛”、“后现代”、”《梁祝》“、”爱因斯坦“。这些文化食材融合在一起之后变得无比美味和营养。图片背后的含义清晰可见多元文化融合发展是这个时代的一个显著特征，对世界文化的传承和发展大有裨益。
  我们生活在这样一个前所未有的全球化时代，一切流动都跨越国界，日益频繁，文化亦不例外。多种文化元素为全世界的人们提供了精神食粮。比如，我国的一些传统思想被介绍到西方世界，成功应用于实际以提升管理有效性我们的京剧唱段借鉴了西方歌剧的美学元素，变得更为各国人民所接受，从而更有机会得以传承和发展。各个国家都因汲取各不相同但相辅相成的文化而受益匪浅，促进了人类社会物质文明和精神文明的发展。
  多文化融合现象已成为当前时代的大势所趋。对我们而言，一方面我们应该继承并发扬中国传统文化的精华，另一方面我们要以开放的态度学习和融汇西方文化的优秀元素。通过古今相契，中西相融，我们才能推进中国文化的大繁荣和大发展，从而为实现中华民族的伟大复兴铺平道路。

2011年真题 小作文——推荐信

Dear Jane,
  I’m so glad to hear from you as it has been a long time since we met last time. You told me in your letter that you loved to watch inspirational movies,so I’m writing to recommend one of my favorite movies to you,which is called The Devil Wears Prada. I love it for two reasons. To begin with,the film explores the theme of growth and self-discovery in the workplace,which could easily strike a chord with young people. The aspirant heroine undergoes an”ugly duckling-swan” phase in the workplace and finally returns to her initial ideal,inspiring us to be true to ourselves. In addition,the glamour of fashion industry also adds appeal to the film.
  Hope you enjoy the movie and look forward to your reply.
                                   Yours truly,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文:

亲爱的简
  很久不见，很高兴收到你的来信。你在信中说喜欢看励志电影，因此我想为你推荐我最喜欢的电影之一——《穿普拉达的女王》。我喜欢它有两个原因。首先，这部电影探讨了职场上”成长和自我发现”的主题，很容易引起年轻人的共鸣。片中心怀抱负的女主角在职场经历了”丑小鸭变白天鹅”阶段，最终回归自己的理想，这激励我们要不忘初心。另外 ，时尚界的魅力也为本片增色不少。
  希望你喜欢这部电影，期待你的回信。
                                   真挚的，
                                   李明

2011年真题 大作文——旅程之“余”

  ln the picture,two tourists,enjoying a delightful boat trip on the lake,are dropping litter recklessly into the lake——a behavior that makes themselves as well as the scenery not beautiful at all. And unfortunately,the lake is already littered with a clutter of garbage,which has spoiled the previously scenic lake. Just as the caption”What’s ‘Left’ after the Travel” implies,the cartoon is a poignant criticism of tourists with uncivil conducts that lead to environmental damage.
  What is reflected in the picture is troubling many scenic spots today. Such behavior comes primarily from tourists’ lack of environmental awarenessr thinking of just casually littering garbage as no big deal. They regard themselves merely as passers-by,who need not assume the responsibility of protecting the environment of the scenic spots. However,if everyone lacked environmental awareness,standing by and seeing environment hurt,the beautiful spots,even our whole country,would be swallowed up by rubbish one day.
  To avoid this kind of tragedy,the whole society should take actions to protect our home. For one thing,everyone should realize the importance of protecting the environment and start small by no littering at will and stopping others from doing that timely. For another,relevant authorities should establish sound and efficient laws and regulations on environmental protection,supervise effectively and punish law breakers severely. Hopefully through shared efforts,we can make ourselves behave better,make the landscape of our homeland more magnificent,and fulfill the dream of”green China”sooner.

参考译文:

  图中有两位游客，他们在湖面上泛舟游览美景时，将手中的垃圾随意丢进湖中，这一行为使景色连同他们自己都不再美丽。园而且可悲的是，湖面上已经漂浮着各种各样的垃圾，破坏了昔日秀美的湖泊。圆正如标题”旅程之’余’”所示，这幅漫画是对游客破坏环境的不文明行为的尖锐批评。
  图中所反映的问题如今正困扰着许多景区。国游客这种行为主要源于环保意识薄弱，认为自己随手扔点垃圾不会造成太大的影响。他们认为自己只不过是景点的过客，无需承担景区的环保责任。然而，如果人人都没有环保意识，都对环境袖手旁观，原本风景优美的景区，基至我们整个家园，总有一天会被垃圾包围。
  为了避免这种悲剧发生，全社会都应行动起来，共同保护我们的家园。一方面，每个人都应意识到保护环境的重要性，从小事做起，不乱扔垃圾，并及时制止他人乱扔垃圾的行为。另一方面，相关部门应建立健全环境保护方面的法律法规，并进行有效监督，严厉惩治违法违规行为。希望通过共同努力，我们能够让自己的行为更加美丽，也让祖国的山川更加秀美，早日实现”绿色中国”的梦想。

2012年真题 小作文——欢迎辞+建议信

My Dear Friends,
  On behalf of the Students’ Union,I would like to extend the warmest welcome to you,the international students,who have chosen to study here,away from your home countries.
  It is my pleasure to offer several suggestions to facilitate your stay in China. Firstly,to overcome language barriers,I suggest that you make full use of all resources to study and practice chinese diligently. seoondly,to cope with culture shock,lt is advisable to get acquainted with Chinese culture and customs through making chinese friends or via books ,films and museums. Besides,you can also make full use of various learning resources boasted by our library.
  I hope my suggestions would be helpful and I wish all of you a fulfilling college life here
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文：

亲爱的朋友们
  外国留学生们，我谨代表学生会向选择远离母国来这里求学的你们致以最热烈的欢迎。
  我很乐意提供几点建议，以便为你们的中国之行提供便利。首先，为了克服语言障碍，我建议你们充分利用各种资源学习并勤练中文。其次，为了应对文化冲击，建议你们通过结交中国朋友或阅读、看电影和逛博物馆等方式熟悉中国的文化习俗。此外，你们还可以充分利用我校图书馆的海量学习资源。
  希望我的建议有帮助，同时祝你们能拥有一个充实的大学生活。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2012年真题 大作文——积极心态看人生

  As is shown in the picture,two men react in distinctly different manners when they see a bottle get tipped over and half of the water spill. Wearing a gloomy look,one man covers his forehead and curses his luck,lamenting,”It’s all gone !”while the other smiles agreeably and reaches for the bottle,cheering,”Luckily there’s still some left. “
  This portrayal reveals that in adverse situations,being optimistic or being pessimistic directs people towards two opposite paths. Just as Alexander Bell puts it”When one door closes,another openss but we often look so long and so regretfully upon the closed door that we do not see the one which has opened for us. “When obstacles confront us,assuming the worst only spells more failures,while interpreting them in a positive light always spurs us to look for a silver lining and concentrate upon addressing problems. The drawbacks of pessimism and the benefits of optimism are self-evident.
  Therefore,optimism is of great significance in our work and life. As an old saying goes,misfortune might be a blessing in disguise. When adversity strikes,instead of being blinded by pessimism,we should learn to examine it from a comprehensive perspective so as to break free of despair and discover hope. Besides,we should maintain a positive attitude all along by remaining gratified by what we have achieved,with an attempt to keep forging ahead and embrace various challenges.

参考译文：

  如图所示，一个瓶子翻倒在地，里面的水泼了一半，而两人对这一幕的反应却大相径庭。其中一
人神情沮丧，怨声连连，手抚额头哀叹道，”全完了!”另一人则面露笑容去捡瓶子，说道，”幸好还剩点儿”。
  这幅画揭示了：在逆境中选择乐观看待还是悲观处理，会将人们引上截然相反的道路。恰如亚历山大·贝尔所言：“一扇门关了，必有另一扇打开I而我们经常久久地盯着那扇关上的门，懊悔不已，以致对为我们打开的另一扇门视而不见。”惨遭遇挫折时，把情况想到最坏只会招致更多失败；而积极对待往往会敦促我们寻求光明，并一心寻找解决之道。悲观之弊，乐观之利，至此一目了然。
  因此，在工作和生活中，乐观精神至关重要。俗话说，塞翁失马，焉知非福。身处困境时，我们要学会辩证分析，从绝望中发现希望，而非被悲观消极情绪蒙蔽双眼。此外，我们还要懂得知足常乐，尔后积极进取，迎接一个个新的挑战。

2013年真题 小作文——邀请信

Dear Mr. Smith,
  On behalf of the students’ union,I’m writing to invite you to judge our English speech contest on April 28th.
  The contest will be held from 18:00 to 20:00 at the auditorium. Competitors are required to first give a prepared speech on traditional Chinese culture and then answer 5 randomly-picked questions. You are expected to score and comment on their performance. You are an academic elite and native speaker,so that your valuable comments will surely benefit the competitors and the audience alike.
  We will appreciate it if you could reply to our invitation at your earliest convenience. We are looking forward to your participation.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

尊敬的史密斯先生
  我谨代表学生会写信邀请您担任于4月28日举办的英语演讲比赛评委。
  比赛将于18:00至20:00在大礼堂举办。参赛者首先进行关于中国传统文化的命题演讲，然后回答五个随机选取的问题。希望您能为他们的表现评分并点评。您既是学术精英又以英语为母语，您的宝贵意见一定会让参赛选手和现场观众都受益匪浅。
  如果您方便尽早回复邀请，我们将感激不尽。期待您的参与。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2013年真题 大作文——大学毕业生的多样人生选择

  In the above picture,a flock of graduates stand at a fork in the road,with an air of confusion on their faces. They face four different choices: hunting for jobs,taking the postgraduate entrance exam,going abroad for further study and starting a business. Below the drawing the caption reads,”Choice-making “.
  Undoubtedly this picture describes a dilemma all college graduates have to face-which path to take and pursue after graduation. This choice is of great significance to our future development. Therefore it’s imperative for us to make a prudent and sensible decision. Firstly,graduates should know the advantages and disadvantages of each path and have an objective appraisal of one’s abilities and interests. lt may sound clich but “know yourself” and “follow your passion” go a long way. Another factor that graduates should take into consideration is career planning. Once you set your heart on a given profession,you will put yourself on a track which ultimately will lead you to your final destination.
  All desired life goals can be achieved through diligence,persistence and willingness to learn continuously. Therefore,with a compass in mind,graduates can make an optimal choice suitable to themselves and advance bravelyalong the chosen path.

参考译文

  在上图中，一群毕业生站在一个分岔路口，脸上带着一种迷茫的神情。他们面前有四种不同选择求职、考研、出国留学和创业。图片下方标题写着“选择”。
  毫无疑问，这幅图片描绘了所有大学毕业生都要面临的一个困境——毕业后选择和追求哪一条路。这一抉择对我们未来的发展十分重要。因此，我们必须做出谨慎而明智的决定。首先，毕业生应该了解选择每条路的利弊，并客观评估个人的能力和兴趣所在。也许听起来很陈词滥调，但”了解自己“ 和 ”追寻激情“大有帮助。另一个毕业生需要考虑的因素是职业规划。一旦你对某一职业下定决心，你就会把自己置于最终会把你带到目的地的轨道上。
  任何想要的人生目标都能因努力、坚持和持续学习的意愿得以实现。因此，脑海中有一个指南针，毕业生就可以做出适合自己的最优选择，并在自己选定的人生道路上勇往直前。

2014年真题 小作文——建议信

Dear Sir,
  I am a senior student in this university. I’m writing to express my humble opinions about physical health problem among college students.
  Students’ deteriorating physical condition has become a burning issue. A recent report mentions that there are stunningly 6000 times of medical treatment for 3500 students in one new students’ military training. The root of the problem,I think,lies in the over-emphasis on test scores. So it is imperative that the exam-driven system be reformed and the value of health be stressed. Physical education should be compulsory for all students. Meanwhile,opportunities for students to exercise,such as sports meeting,would be of great value for students.
  I hope you find the above suggestions helpful and utilize them in our university.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

尊敬的先生:
  我是本校大四的学生。我写信是为就大学生的健康问题提出自己的拙见。
  学生日益糟糕的身体素质已经变成一个紧急的问题。最近有报道称在一次新生军训中，3500名学生的就医次数令人震惊地达到了6000次。我认为问题的根源在于过度强调考试分数。因此有必要改革应试体系、强调健康的价值。应将体育设置为所有学生的必修课。此外，诸如运动会等锻炼机
会对学生来说会是价值非凡的。
  希望您觉得上述建议有用并在我校予以实施。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2014年真题 大作文——相携

  There are two photos of a mother and a daughter. One was taken 30 years ago showing the young mother holding her daughter’s hand and the other has been recently gotten recording the daughter supporting her mother with hand. Scenes have changed but what remains unchanged is their sweet and contented smile.
  The two photos reflect the deep love between the mother and the daughter,bringing comforting relief from frequently reported stay-at-home children and elder mistreatment cases. As the world becomes materially rich,wealth accumulation and pursuit of comfort have become a fashion trend. Many young adults influenced have become irresponsible parents or unfilial children. Some leave their children at hometown where living cost is lower and their parents can help deal with tiring child raising. They intentionally or unintentionally ignore the detrimental effects of the lack of parental involvement on their children. Some turn a blind eye to their responsibility towards parents. They selfishly think taking care of parents will disturb their vibrant personal life and increase their economic burden.
  These young people discard the most important element for happiness——the mutual love within a family and unwisely get temporary comfort at the expense of long-term happiness. A person of wisdom should place experiencing family love at the top of his life’s priorities.

参考译文

  有一对母女的两张照片。一张拍摄于30年前，上面是年轻的妈妈牵着女儿的手另一张是最近拍摄的，上面是女儿搀扶着母亲。场景发生
了变化，但不变的是她们甜美、满足的笑容。
  两张照片反映了母女之间深厚的爱，使经常报道的留守儿童和虐待老人事件带来的负面心情得到一定缓解。随着世界变得物质充裕，财富积累和对舒适的追求成为流行趋势。许多受流行趋势影响的年轻人成为不负责任的父母或者不孝顺的孩子。一些人将孩子留在老家，在那儿生活成本更低，也有自己的父母帮着分担带孩子的累人任务。他们有意或者无意忽略养育过程中父母缺位给孩子带来的有害影响。一些人无视对父母的责任。他们自私地认为照顾父母会影响他们充满活力的个人生活，并增加他们的经济负担。
  这些年轻人舍弃了幸福最重要的因素——家人之间的亲情，不明智地为得到暂时的舒适而牺牲长期的幸福。一个明智的人应该将感受天伦之乐列于人生优先排序列表中靠前的位置。

2015年真题 小作文——推荐信

Dear Friends,
  As the host of the upcoming reading session,I am writing to you to recommend a plain but moving book,We Three ,written by Yang Jiang,one of the most talented contemporary female writers.
  With her great wisdom and perseverance,Yang Jiang tells us the love and support between her late daughter,husband and her in more than 60 years,and their experiences of being happily together and heartbreakingly apart. By depicting dreams as well as realities,this book shows us the sorrows and joys in life. In addition,through this common but extraordinary family,we can see the personality of Chinese intellectuals at that time——cherishing their families and being diligent in their studies,and can deeply realize the true meaning of life that happiness always comes along with troubles.
  I hope you will enjoy the book like me and share your impressions of it during the session.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱的朋友们
  作为即将到来的读书会主持人，我向大家推荐一本平实但令人感动的作品《我们仨》——作者是杨绛先生，当代最有才气的女作家之一。
  杨绛用其智慧和坚忍，向我们讲述了她和已故女儿、丈夫60多年相守相助、相聚相失的经历。借助”梦境”和”写实”，这本书向我们展现了生活的喜与悲。另外，透过这个普通又不平凡的家庭，我们能看到当时的学者珍视家庭、勤奋治学的人格魅力，体会到”快乐总是与烦恼相伴”的生活真谛。希望大家会和我一样爱上这本书，并在读书会上分享你的感想。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2015年真题 大作文——手机时代的聚会

  Four friends get together to have a dinner. What’s weird is that the four appear to be stranger to each other,not talking with friends seated beside but totally indulging in smart phones.
  The picture reveals a typical scene for modern people. Whenever people have a chance to relax,they will fish out phones to play for a while. The warm face-to-face communication which was taken for granted has been violently ruined by smart phones and become a luxury. It is challenging or even impossible for many people to concentrate on face-to-face communication. As the quality of emotional interaction between people suffer an annoying dramatic deterioration,more and more people arrive at an agreement that people should shut down mobile phones when being with friends or relatives. Unfortunately,it is only a theoretical opinion around the Wechat,a communication toolon the smart phone. Few people apply it into life.
  The smart phone is really the most controversial modern invention,bringing enjoyable relaxation and great convenience on one hand and causing problematic phone addiction and consequent interpersonal isolation on the other hand. Rational attitude should be paid to the mobile phone. We should not squander the limited and precious time with friends and relatives on a lifeless machine. Due importance should be attached to the contact in real life.

参考译文

  四个朋友聚在一起吃饭。奇怪的是这四人似乎互相不认识，没有跟坐在旁边的朋友说话，而是完全沉浸在自己智能手机上。
  这幅图展现了一个对现代人来说典型的一幕。只要人们有机会放松一下，他们就会掏出手机玩一会儿。曾经认为理所当然的温暖的面对面交流被智能手机粗暴地破坏了，变成了一种奢侈。对大多数人来说专注于面对面交流是个挑战，至是不可能的任务。随着人们之间情感交流质量恼人地大幅下降，越来越多的人同意人们应该在与朋友和亲戚在一起的时候关闭手机。不幸的是，这只是个流传于智能手机中的一个交流工具——微信上的理论性的想法。国很少有人将之实施。
  智能手机真的是最有争议的现代发明，一方面带来让人愉悦的休闲和方便，另一方面造成迷恋手机的问题以及随之而来的人际关系的疏离。我们应该理性对待手机。不应该将与朋友和亲人在一起的有限和宝贵的时间花在无生命的机器上。应该关注现实生活中的交流。

2016年真题 小作文——通知

                          Notice
  To ensure that students from overseas have a better knowledge of our library service,I’m writing to inform you of some relevant information with regard to our university library.
  When you get enrolled at our university,you receive a student ID,which would allow you access to the library. Our library houses a vast collection of books,journals,multi-media audio-visual materials both at home and abroad,which accommodates the needs of different users. Furthermore,we have computers available in the lobby for checking any book or document you may need. An orientation program will be offered to you on Wednesday afternoon. You can take a library tour which will last for about 30 minutes. The library opens on weekdays from 9:00 a. m. To 10:00 p. m. . Please feel free to contact us if you need any help via library@xxxuniversity. edu. cn.
                                   Li Ming
                                   September 1 ,2015

参考译文

                          通知
  为了确保来自海外的留学生更好地了解我校的图书馆服务，特此发布一份通知，以告知你们关于我校图书馆的一些相关信息。
  新生注册人学时，你们每人拿到一张学生卡，这张学生卡将容许你们进人校图书馆。我校图书馆藏有国内外大量的书籍、报刊、多媒体视听学习资料等等，满足不同读者的需求。而且，一楼大厅还设有计算机，方便学生查询可能需要的任何书籍或文档。周三下午将为你们提供图书馆迎新活动。届时你们可以参观图书馆，活动将持续约半小时。图书馆周一至周五早9点至晚10点开放。如果你们需要任何帮助，随时欢迎通过发送邮件至 library @ xxxuniversity. edu. cn，联系我们。
                                   李明
                                   2015年9月1日

2016年真题 大作文——身教胜于言传

  The above two pictures reveal two distinctly different parenting methods of two fathers. In the first picture,the father is urging his son to study hard while he is just relaxing himself,with his eyes fixed on the TV set. In the second picture,both the father and his son are concentrating on their study. The caption under the cartoon reads”lt is better to set an example than merely make demands”.
  What the above pictures intend to illustrate is that parents can better teach children by example rather than verbal instruction in their daily life. As an old saying goes,a good example is the best way of persuasion. There is no doubt that parents play a vital role in the bringing-up of their children since they are the role models kids look to for guidance,especially in their formative years. When it comes to instructing and influencing kids,action tends to speak louder than words.
  Therefore,in my opinion,it is parental duty for adults to set an example for children. Only when adults earnestly practice what they advocate can children follow their example. This way,children can also enjoy better family atmosphere and get better disciplined.

参考译文

  上面两幅图片展示了两位父亲截然不同的两种教育方法。第一幅图中，父亲敦促他的儿子好好学习，可他自己却在放松休闲，两眼盯着电视机。第二幅图中，父亲和儿子两人都在聚精会神地学习。图片下方写着:与其只提要求，不如做个榜样。
  上图意在说明的是，父母在日常生活中通过以身作则躬亲示范，能比口头教育更有效果。正如一句老话所说，一个好榜样是最佳说服方式。毫无疑问，父母在孩子的成长教育中起到至关重要的作用，因为他们是孩子的行为榜样孩子们看向他们寻得指引，尤其是当孩子们处于成长期时。就对孩子的教诲和影响而论，行动往往胜过语言。
  因此，在我看来，成年人为孩子树立一个榜样是为人父母的责任。只有当父母身体力行躬行己说，孩子们方能依循父母的榜样。这样一来，孩子们也能感受到更好的家庭氛围，并且愈加自律。

2017年真题 小作文——推荐信

Dear Prof. Cook,
  Welcome to china ! Knowing that you love travel,I’d like to recommend some of the most celebrated tourist attractions in Beijing.
  Firstly,I recommend exploring the Palace Museum,the world’s largest ancient palace complex,because it showcases a huge collection of arts and antiquities which offers a quick glimpse into China’s extensive history and sophisticated culture. Moreover,if you are interested in outdoor activities,I recommend visiting the Great Wall,for the spectacular view of rolling mountains atop the ancient beacon towers will definitely make your trip worthwhile. Besides,there are unique cafes and galleries tucked away in the old lanes and alleys,or Hutongs in Beijing. Riding a bike along the quaint downtown capital after a whole-day teaching is such an excellent way to experience the charming Hutong culture.
  Hopefully my recommendations are helpful and wish you a delightful journey.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱的库克教授:
  欢迎来到中国!得知您酷爱旅游，我很乐意为您推荐北京几个最为著名的观光景点。
  首先，我推荐您参观世界最大的古代宫殿建筑群——故宫，因为那里陈列着琳琅满目的艺术作品和古玩珍奇，让人们有机会快速了解中国悠久的历史和博大精深的文化。其次，如果您对户外运动感兴趣，那么我推荐您去参观长城，因为站到那古老的烽火台上饱览群山绵延的壮丽景色，绝对会让您感觉不虚此行。另外，许多独具特色的咖啡馆和美术馆都深藏于北京古老的巷陌——胡同之中。结束了一整天的教学工作，骑自行车畅游首都老城中心区，实在是体验极具魅力的胡同文化的绝佳方式。
  希望我的推荐有所帮助，同时祝您有一个愉快的旅程。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2017年真题 大作文——“有书”与“读书”

  In the left picture,a man is lolling back in his comfortable chair,smug about a shelf full of books in front of him. “What a great number of books I have !” he said to himself,yet obviously he shows no intention of reading any of them. The man on the right,by contrast,is sitting at a desk with only a few books on it,and has made a feasible reading plan: Finish reading 20 books this year.
  Through sharp contrast,the pictures reveal the difference between “ possessing books “ and “ reading books”. For some people,books are nothing more than decorations. Their studies are gorgeously decorated and shelves full of books which are used not to read,but to show off or to satisfy their vanity. Totally differently,some people,fewer books though they have,regard books as spiritual food and do everything possible to read. For example,Lin Haiyin,a famous writer ,has written in Bookstore Freeloader’s Journal that when she was young,she always went to a bookstore and read there in a secretive way for lack of money,rain or shine. lt was the very thirst for knowledge that made her a writer with great achievements.
  “Books are a stepping stone to human progress”,but as books are not equal to knowledge and unread books won’t help,we should read a single book carefully instead of merely collecting thousands of books to make progress. Furthermore,everything else should also be dealt wit’h in a down-to-earth way. Just as President Xi once put it,“Empty talk would lead a country astray,and hard work can revitalize a nation”,only through continuing efforts,can individuals advance steadily and the Chinese nation achieve great rejuvenation.

参考译文

  左图中，一个人懒洋洋地靠在躺椅上，望着眼前整整一书架的书沾沾自喜。他自言自语道“我有这么多
书!”却明显没有要读任何一本书的打算。而右图中的人坐在只放着几本书的书桌前，做出了一个切实可行的读书计划争取今年读完20本书。
  图片通过鲜明的对比，揭示了“有书”与“读书”的区别。对有些人来说，书籍只是一种装饰。他们把书房布置得富丽堂皇，书盈四壁，却不是为了读书，而是为了向别人炫耀，满足自己的虚荣心。与这种人截然不同的是，有些人虽然藏书不多，却把书籍当作精神食粮，想方设法为自己创造读书的机会。比如著名作家林海音女士在《窃读记》中写到，小时候因为没钱买书，只能去一家书店偷偷读书，风雨无阻。正是这种求知若渴的精神，使她日后成为了卓有成就的作家。
  “书籍是人类进步的阶梯”，但书本并不等同于知识，未读之书对人无所助益，因此，我们要想取得进步，必须认认真真地去读一本书，而非仅仅收藏千万本书。另外，不仅是读书，做其他事情也应当脚踏实地。正如习主席所说的那样，“空谈误国，实干兴邦”，只有脚踏实地努力奋斗，个人才能取得稳定进步，中华民族才能实现伟大复兴。

2018年真题 小作文——邀请信

Dear Sir or Madam,
  The 2018 Graduation and Degree Conferring Ceremony of our university will be held at the auditorium from 9:00 to 11:00 on June 28th.
  With your remarkable expert knowledge,you have contributed a lot to the development of our university and the growth of our students. So I,on behalf of the Office of Student Affairs,sincerely extend to you an invitation to this ceremony. We will be greatly honored if you could be present at the grand ceremony,to witness this important moment in our students’ life. And,on the occasion,there will be volunteers guiding you to your seat.
  The schedule of the ceremony is attached for your reference. It would be much appreciated if you could please send back the reply slip before June 2 to inform us of your attendance. We look forward to your reply.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

尊敬的先生/女士
  我校2018级毕业典礼暨学位授予仪式将于6月28日 9:00-11:00在校礼堂举行。
  您以非凡的专业知识，对本校的发展以及学生的成长助力良多。因此，我谨代表校学生事务办公室，诚挚地邀请您莅临典礼。有您在场共同见证学生们人生中这一重要时刻，我们将倍感荣幸。另外，届时将有志愿者引导您人场就坐。
  随信附上典礼议程供您参考。若能出席，烦请您于6月21日前将回执发送至此邮箱，我们将不胜感激。期待您的回复。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2018年真题 大作文——选课进行时

  ln the cartoon,a college student is sitting seriotlsly in front of a laptop,selecting his next terms’ courses. He “smartly” divides the courses into two groups those offering cutting-edge knowledge,inspiring innovation,but requiring hard work,and those with little academic pressure and an easy high-score pass. The cartoon reflects a common phenomenon among today’s college students,which is actually against the purpose of our course selection system.
  Why does this happen? lt can be mainly attributed to a social climate which puts too much emphasis on “utility”. The current achievement assessment system in colleges which takes credits as the only indicator is also responsible for the phenomenon. However,neither of them is the excuse for students to shrink back from demanding courses and choose easy ones. Avoiding demanding courses will prevent them from building knowledge hierarchy and improving personal competence. Further,as the youth are the hope of a country,that will make our goal of constructing an innovative nation remain a remote dream.
  lt’s not an overnight affair to stove the problem,and long-process concerted efforts are in need. First of all,students should put personal development high on the agenda,striving to be a man of courage,capabilities and responsibilities. Besides,colleges should diversify assessment standards and motivate teachers to deliver knowledge in interesting and illuminating ways. Meanwhile,a new tendency of daring to challenge and innovate should be cultivated. We sincerely believe that the Chinese dream of achieving great rejuvenation will surely be realized by the youth with the joint efforts.

参考译文

  图片中，一位大学生正襟危坐在电脑前选课。他”巧妙地”将课程分成了两类一类知识新、重创新，但有难度一类给分高、易通过、且作业少。图片反映了一种如今大学生中常见的现象，实际上也是一种违背选课体系初衷的现象。
  为什么会出现这种情形?主要可归咎为当下过分功利性的社会氛围。现有的仅以学分为评判标准的教学评估体系也是部分原因。然而，上述原因都不能成为学生躲避困难课程、选择易过课程的借口。因为一味避免困难课程将阻碍学生知识体系的构建及个人能力的提高。更严重的是，青年一代是国家的未来，长此以往，我们”建设创新性国家”的目标将会遥不可期。
  解决这一问题并非朝夕之事，而是需要各方长期协同努力。首先，大学生应将个人发展视为最重要之事，努力成为一个有勇气、有能力、有担当的人。其次，学校应使评价标准多样化，并鼓励教师以有趣易懂的方式传授知识。同时，全社会应努力培养勇于挑战、勇于创新的新风尚。我们由衷地认为，在各界共同努力下，中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦必将在年轻一代人中实现。

2019年真题 小作文——回复信

Dear Volunteer,
  With the sincere appreciation for your dedication to our project,”Aiding Rural Primary School “,I’d like to answer your inquiry regarding the forthcoming voluntary activity.
  Each summer holiday,we organize ten volunteers to teach for three weeks in rural primary schools mostly understaffed and seriously lacking in resources. International students are often assigned to teach English and assist local teachers during classes,which will greatly benefit pupils there who often struggle in their English study. Besides,there will be a brief training session before leaving,during which you should decide teaching plans and submit them in advance for overall amngemem. And surely,our university will pay all volunteers’ expenses on meals,accommodation and transportation .
  lt is hoped that my reply will be of help and please email me if you have any further questions.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱的志愿者：
  衷心感谢您对我校“帮扶农村小学”项目的热情参与，我将对您关于即将开始的志愿活动的咨询予以回复。
  我们每年暑假都组织十名志愿者走进农村，到那些往往师资不足、资源极其有限的小学支教三周。留学生志愿者通常负责教授英语及协助当地教师授课，这将极大地帮助当地学习英语吃力的孩子们。此外，出发之前会有简短的培训，期间您应确定教学计划，并提前上报以便统筹安排。当然，支教期间志愿者食宿交通费用都将由校方承担。
  希望我的回复有所帮助，若还有任何其他疑问，请发邮件联系我。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2019年真题 大作文——途中

  ln the picture,there are two climbers on their way to the top of a mountain. One of them,sitting on a stone step with his backpack aside,says in slight frustration ,”I’m too tired to go any further. “ His travel companion hands him a bottle of drink and replies enqouragingly,”Come on ! Take a break and keep climbing. ” The picture intends to illustrate the irreplaceable role persistence plays in realizing great ambitions.
  Just as mountaineers have to climb up rocky and steep slopes before reaching the peak we will inevitably encounter numerous obstacles on our way to success. What is needed then is a sustained effort to conquer them rather than an excuse to give up. After all,surrender means all previous efforts come to naught while hanging on certainly brings rewards. High achievers in competitive sports understand that very well and,almost without exception,attribute their glories to their perseverance with intensive training day after day.
  As an old Chinese saying goes,the last leg of a journey marks the halfway point. The closer we get to the finishing line,the more fatigued and lazier we feel. At such tough moments,we can only achieve our goals by being strong-willed and gritting our teeth. In other words,the virtue of persistence is the key to success and thus needs to be cultivated consciously.

参考译文

  里有两名登山者正在通往山顶的途中。其中一人坐在石阶上，把包放在一旁，略带沮丧地说道：“我太累了，不爬了。”他的旅伴递给他一瓶饮料，鼓励道：“别啊!休息一下再接着爬。”图该图旨在揭示坚持不懈对于实现远大理想有不可替代的作用。
  正如登山者必须要爬上崎岖陡峭的山坡才能抵达山顶，我们在通往成功的途中也难免会遇到诸多障碍。此时，我们需要通过不懈努力来克服这些困难，而非寻找借口放弃。毕竟，缴械投降就意味着前功尽弃，而坚持下去必将有所回报。在竞技体育领域取得非凡成就的人对此了然于心，他们几乎无一例外会将取得的荣誉归功于自己能坚持完成日复一日的高强度训练。
  国中国有句古话：行百里者半九十。我们越接近终点线，就越会感到疲惫慵懒。在这样艰难的时刻，只有坚定信念、咬紧牙关，才能达成既定目标。换言之，持之以恒便是我们取得成功的关键，因此我们需要有意培养这种品质。

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英语二

2010年真题 小作文——感谢对方接待

My Dear Friend,
  Thank you very much for receiving me,a delegate of Sino-American cultural exchange program,during my visit to American. Your consideration and warm reception made me feel at home. You kindly provided detailed explanation of American custom,assisting me to get culture shock soon and,more importantly,have deeper understanding of American culture. I had a great time there,and I really appreciate everything you have done for me.
  Additionally,I highly welcome you to come to China in due course so that I can reciprocate your hospitality. I promise you a fantastic visit,through which you may gain a deep insight into Chinese culture. Look forward to your visit.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Zhang Wei

参考译文

亲爱的朋友
  非常感谢你在我作为中方代表去美国参加中美文化交流项目期间接待我。你体贴热情的款待让我感到在家般的轻松自在。你详尽地解说了美国的风俗，帮助我很快克服文化冲击。重要的是，还帮我更加深人地了解了美国文化。我在那儿非常开心，我真的感激你为我做的一切。
  此外，我热烈欢迎你有空的时候来中国，这样我可以回报你的热情款待。我保证你会拥有一次极棒的旅行，通过这次参观你会深入了解中国文化。期待你的到来。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   张伟

2010年真题 大作文——手机用户量增长情况对比

  As is demonstrated in the diagram,from 2000 to 2008,the mobile-phone subscription number grew sharply from 0.5 billion to 4 billion in developing countries. Contrastingly,during the same period,there was only a moderate increase ( from 0.7 billion to 1 billion) in developed countries.
  Different performance was due to different market environment. In developing countries,the mobile phone market hadn’t reached saturation. Considering the population size there,the number of potential customers would be enormous. Thanks to the economic boom,an increasing number of potential customers gradually joined the market,resulting in the take-off of mobile phone subscriptions. However,in developed countries,there was a saturated market,leaving little room for growth.
  Since the mobile phone market remains vast and the economy is still growing steadily in developing countries,the number of mobile phone subscribers there will continue to grow at a fast rate; nevertheless,the growth will slow down as the market reaches saturation. In comparison,the market has reached saturation in developed countries,so the growth of mobile phone subscription number is expected to remain stagnant unless extra demand is stimulated.

参考译文

  如上图所示，自2000年至2008年，发展中国家的手机用户量从5亿猛增到了40亿。与此相对，在同一时段，发达国家的手机用户量只有缓慢的增长(从7亿到10亿)。
  不同的市场表现取决于不同的市场环境。在发展中国家，手机市场并没有达到饱和。考虑到其庞大的人口，潜在消费者的数量是巨大的。由于经济的腾飞，越来越多的潜在消费者进人手机市场，引起了手机用户量的猛增。然而，在发达国家，由于市场已经饱和，使得手机用户量的增长余地很少。
  在发展中国家，由于手机市场广阔，并且经济仍然在稳步地发展，手机用户量将会持续快速增长。然而，随着市场达到饱和，增速也会逐渐下降。相比之下，发达国家的市场已经达到饱和，因此，除非刺激额外的需求，手机用户量的增长将会停滞不前

2011年真题 小作文——祝贺被大学录取

Dear Li Ming,
  I must congratulate you for winning the fierce competition for admission to a prestigious university. This success means that you have acquired extraordinary learning capacity and,if this capacity can be further developed and purposefully used in university,you will become competent to build a glittering career.
  However ,I must also warn you that the approaching university life is different to your previous school life. You should make important adjustment for int ; that is,you should mentally and practically prepare to be independent and learn not for examination but for your life purpose. I wish you could learn to manage life and study by yourself in the following four years,and gradually grow into an adult wholly responsible for yourself.
                                   Yours,
                                   Zhang Wei

参考译文

亲爱的李明
  祝贺你在为获得名校录取的激烈竞争中获胜。这个胜利说明你已经拥有突出的学习能力，如果这个能力在大学阶段进一步发展并有目的地使用，你将有能力建立辉煌的事业。
  但是，我也得提醒你即将到来的大学生活与你以往的学校生活是不同的。你应该为大学生活做出重要的调整，即你应该在心理层面和实际层面准备好独立、准备好不为考试学习而是为你自己的人生目的学习。我希望你在接下来的四年中学习管理自己的生活和学习，慢慢地成长为对自己全面负责的成年人。
                                   张伟

2011年真题 大作文——汽车品牌市场份额变化

  China’s auto market was still dominated by Japanese,Chinese and American brands. American cars remained the third most popular in the market with a slight increase in market share. A noticeable change occurred in Japanese and Chinese brands. Japanese brands,whose share of market slipped by almost 10% ,were displaced from their leading position by Chinese brands,which expanded their share by nearly the same margin.
  The performance of American brand cars is to be expected,given their worldwide fame and reliable quality. The big change in the performance of Japanese and Chinese brands seems sudden but is not unexpected. Chinese auto producers had narrowed the technology gap between themselves and foreign competitors,and cleverly switched their promotion strategies to satisfy Chinese customers’ appetite for a bargain. When Chinese brands were growing,Japanese brands were hit by reputation crisis caused by frequent quality complaints.
  The plight of Japanese brands is the reminder that quality is the soul of products. Hopefully,Chinese automakers will consistently guarantee high quality,thereby protecting their own reputation to maintain market popularity.

参考译文

  中国汽车市场仍然由日本、中国和美国品牌占据。美国车份额有小幅增长，仍然是第三。日本、中国品牌变化明显。日本品牌的市场份额下降了约10%，其市场主导地位被中国品牌取代，后者市场份额增加了几乎相当幅度。
  鉴于美国品牌汽车的世界声誉和可信赖的质量，其表现是预料之中的。日本和中国品牌表现的巨大变化看起来很突然，但也是预料之中的。中国汽车制造商已经缩小了自己与外国竞争者之间的技术差距，并聪明地改变了其推广策略以满足中国消费者对便宜商品的喜好。在中国品牌发展的同时，日本品牌因频繁的质量投诉遭到信誉危机的打击。
  日本品牌的困境提醒一个事实质量是产品的灵魂。希望中国汽车制造商能一贯保证好的质量，因此保护自己的声誉以保持市场受欢迎程度。

2012年真题 小作文——投诉电子词典质量问题

Dear Sir or Madam，
  The day before yesterday I bought an electronic dictionary,P 900,in your online store. To my dismay,within three days of the purchase I found it couldn’t work normally. It shuts itself down automatically with intolerable frequency. I expect you to provide a new one for replacement or,at least,to follow the warranty policy by repairing it. If no satisfaction can be gained by these means,I will have to demand a refund.
  Thank you for taking the time to read this letter. If detailed information is required,please reach me at 12345678.
                                   Yours faithfully,
                                   Zhang Wei

参考译文

亲爱的先生或女士:
  前天我在您的网店购买了电子词典P900。让我难过的是在购买三天之内我发现它不能正常工作。它自动关机，频繁得让人无法忍受。我希望您能换一个新的或者至少履行保修协议为我维修它。如果这些方式都不能有满意的结果，我只能要求退款。
  感谢您抽时间阅读这封信。若需要详细信息，请拨打12345678与我联系。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   张伟

2012年真题 大作文——工作满意度

  Employees above 50 years old were most likely to report satisfaction,with 40% of them indicating they were content. Employees 40 years or younger were less willing to declare satisfaction,only 16.7% of whom said they were satisfied； instead,a third of whom expressed dissatisfaction. Employees in the 41-to-50 age group were surely unhappiest: none of them felt satisfied and the percentage of respondents reporting dissatisfaction was as high as 64%.
  There is a significant difference in job satisfaction by employee age. The difference relates to their career situation. Employees at the age from 41 to 50,less energetic than younger crowd and less competent than older professionals,reach a career plateau. The consequent sense of powerlessness is strong enough to reduce them to deep dissatisfaction. In contrast,younger colleagues,in spite of occasional confusion,are mostly in an upward spiral and understandably will feel happier. As for elder colleagues,many of them have achieved career maturity and their careers are going to be crowned with relaxing retirement life. Not surprisingly,they are the happiest.
  It is clear that career troubles will afflict people at all ages. For lasting happiness with our jobs,positive attitude is necessary.

参考译文

  50岁以上的雇员最可能报告他们对工作满意，40%的人表示他们满意。40岁以下的雇员更不愿意宣称对工作满意，只有16.7%的人说他们满意，相反三分之一的人表达了不满。41岁至50岁之间的雇员肯定是最不快乐的没有人感到满意，声称不满意的比例高达64%。
  工作满意度因雇员年龄不同有巨大的差异。这样的差别与职场情形相关。41岁至50岁的人不如更年轻的人有活力、不如更年长的专业人士有能力，进人职场高原(停滞不前的局面)。相应的无力感如此之强，让他们陷人深深的不满。与此相对，除了偶尔感到困惑，年轻的同事通常处在上升阶段，自然感到更高兴。至于年长的同事，他们大部分职业发展已经成熟，他们的职场生涯将以休闲退休生活的形式圆满结束。他们最快乐一点不奇怪。
  很明显职场问题会困扰所有年龄的人。为了一直对工作感到满意，积极的态度是必需的。

2013年真题 小作文——邀请同学参加义卖

Dear classmates,
  It is a great honor to inform you that a charity sale is scheduled for September 23 from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. This sale is going to be held in the auditorium for the sake of kids on the verge of dropping out and the gain will be donated to the Project Hope. We are desirous of raising sufficient money to help 15 kids in financially strained families. Your participation is necessary to achieve this aim.
  Hopefully,you can come and pick up your desired commodities. You will happily find latest books and pretty stationery being sold at a discount there.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

  亲爱的同学们:
  很荣幸地通知你们一场义卖将于9月23日上午8点到下午5点举办。义卖举办地点在礼堂，目的是为了帮助辍学边缘的孩子们，所有义卖所得将捐献给希望工程。我们希望筹集到足够资金帮助15位家境贫寒的孩子。你们的参加是实现这一目的的必要条件。
  希望你们能来挑选心仪的商品。你们将很高兴地发现有最新的图书和漂亮的文具打折出售。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2013年真题 大作文——大学生兼职比率逐年级递增

  The rate of college students taking part-time jobs during school time rises annually from 67.77% in the first year to 88.24% in the final year. The biggest increase occurs in the graduation year,with the rate 16% higher than a year ago.
  College students will become increasingly willing to work part-time mainly because of the growing wish to gain practical experience to prepare for their later careers. It is reasonable and wise to do such preparation especially after unemployment reached a record high in early 2013. Another motive is obviously the money. As the school year advances,there will be huger costs of studying materials and social events,undoubtedly pushing students to reap money from part-time jobs.
  It can indeed be beneficial for college students to be part-timers. However,the risk of erosion of study time should be also considered. To benefit from part-time jobs without suffering academically,students should learn to strike a balance.

参考译文

  在校大学生兼职比例逐年上升，从大一67.77%到大四88.24%。最大增幅发生在大四，其比率比前一年高16%。
  大学生会越来越愿意从事兼职工作，主要源于日益迫切地希望为之后的职业生涯做准备，积累实际经验。做这样的准备是有道理且明智的，尤其在2013年上半年失业人数创下历史新高后更是如此。另一个动机明显是金钱。当学生进人高年级，学习资料和社交会花费更多，无疑迫使学生从兼职中获得收入。
  大学生兼职的确是有益的。但是，也不能忽视学习时间会遭到侵蚀的风险。要从兼职中获益的同时不损害学业，学生应该学会谋求平衡。

2014年真题 小作文——向未来室友介绍自己

Dear John,
  I am glad that it is you who will be my roommate during my overseas study and cannot wait to meet you. Before my moving in,I think it is necessary to arrive at a basic understanding about each other’s living habits.
  As a typical Chinese,I observe traditional living rules,sleeping and getting up early,having gorgeous breakfast,good lunch and humble supper and keeping room tidy and clean. In addition,I prefer cooking Chinese dishes at home and hope to get your tolerance for occasional spicy smell during dish preparation. There must also be some special living rules to be respected in your country. Can you explain them to me in advance? Hope to get your early reply.
                                   Yours,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱的约翰:
  很高兴你是我留学期间的室友，我迫不及待地想要见到你。在我搬进公寓前·我认为必须对各自的生活习惯有个基本了解。
  作为一名典型的中国人，我遵循典型的中国生活方式，我会早睡早起，早餐吃好、中餐吃饱、晚餐吃少，并保持房间整洁干净。另外，我喜欢在家做中国菜,希望你能忍受做菜时偶尔会有的辣椒呛人的味道。在你们国家应该也有些需要尊重的生活规范。你能提前向我介绍吗’?希望早日收到你的回信。
                                   李明

2014年真题 大作文——城市与乡村人口的变化

  From 1990 to 2010 while moderate increase occurred in total population in China,population distribution experienced a dramatic shift. Urban population increased considerably from 300 million to 670 million,contrastingly rural population declined from 820 million to 680 million.
  The population gap narrowed largely because of the joint effects of urbanization and unequal economic opportunities. The 20 years’ urban sprawl caused millions of peasants to be passively transformed into city residents. Meanwhile,many more peasants initiatively chose to leave their hometown. In the 20 years,while urban living standards were largely improved,few economic opportunities fell on rural areas,making most peasants remain at the poverty line. Poverty prompted the call for change and healthy young peasants were driven to flock to cities to make a better living.
  The increase in urban population is a sure indication of economic achievement. However,we should not ignore the inability of many urban newcomers to integrate into cities due to lack of education and civilized habits. They wandered around in the cities as urban paupers,isolated from cities’ prosperity and convenience. In this sense,we cannot be superficially satisfied with the optimistic figure,but should endeavor to foster integration of newcomers.

参考译文

  1990年到2010年间，中国总人口数温和上涨，但人口分布经历了巨大的变化。城市人口从3亿上涨到了6.7亿，上涨数量可观，与之相对的是农村人口从8.2亿下降到6.8亿。
  (城乡)人口差距缩小主要由于城市化和不公平经济机会的联合作用。20年的城市扩张导致了数百万农民被动地变为城市居民。同时，更多的农民主动选择离开家乡。20年里，城市生活水平得到了大幅提高，但农村几乎没有获得经济机会，使大多数农民依然处于贫困中。穷则思变，健康、年轻的农民涌入城市，试图谋得更好的生活。
  城市人口的增加无疑是经济成就的一个反映指标。但我们不能忽视许多城市新居民由于缺乏教育和文明的生活习惯难以融人城市的现实。这些新来者作为城市贫民在城市中游荡，无法享用城市的繁荣和便利。鉴于此，我们不能肤浅地满足于乐观的数据，而应该努力促使新来者融人城市。

2015年真题 小作文——招募夏令营的志愿者

                    Recruitment Announcement
  We are looking for some volunteers for the summer camp for high school students. The summer camp is organized to facilitate high school students’ academic learning and more importantly cultivate their cooperation ability and practical skills through activities including but not limited to reading salon and business-starting competition.
  Volunteers are required to help organize activities and cope with daily affairs during the summer camp. Ideal candidates should be patient,active,warm-hearted and responsible. Having relevant experience is preferred. Anyone interested please contact us by students’ union @ abcuniversity. edu. cn or reach us at 12345678.
                                   Students’ Union

参考译文

                        招募启事
  我们正在为高中夏令营招募几位志愿者。组织夏令营是为了通过活动促进高中生的学业学习，更重要的是培养他们的合作能力和实践技能。这些活动包括但不局限于读书沙龙和创业大赛。
  要求志愿者帮助组织活动，并处理夏令营中的日常事务。理想的人选应该有耐心、积极、热心并且负责。有相关经验更佳。感兴趣者请通过students’ union @ abcuniversity. edu. cn联系我们，或者拨打电话12345678联系我们。
                                   学生会

2015年真题 大作文——居民春节假期花销比例

  The chart reflects the Spring Festival spending types and their respective proportions. Chinese people’s money is mainly used for three purposes during the Spring Festival traveling,New Year’s gift giving and having dinners with friends or relatives. They account for 80% of total spending.
  Most spending is used to maintain or facilitate interpersonal relationship. This finding is not strange， since the Spring Festival is a Chinese traditional festival for family reunion. Developing relationship is beneficial and necessary for a person’s fulfillment and investing on people we love is sweet and happy.
  However,we should not go to extremes. In China,there are many people fond of appearing extraordinary and hating to be known as weaker and poorer. They use handsome money to blindly pursue pride. Such intention causes huge waste of money and imposes heavy economic burden on people involved. The pride gotten by squandering money is transient and can only be a topic for gossip soon forgotten by others. Therefore,we should think rationally before opening our purses. We should
remember it is happiness that is the main concern.

参考译文

  表格体现了春节开销的类型和各自的比例。在春节期间中国人的钱主要有三种用途交通、送新年礼物和与朋友、亲人共进晚餐。它们占了花费总额的80%。
  绝大多数开支被用来维护和促进人际关系。鉴于春节是中国传统的家庭团圆的节日，这个发现不奇怪。发展人际关系对一个人的幸福是有益和必需的，在我们爱的人身上投资是甜蜜而幸福的。
  但是，我们不能走向极端。在中国，很多人喜欢显得不凡，讨厌被认为比别人弱或穷。他们花大量的钱去盲目追求面子。这样的意图造成了金钱的大量浪费，给相关人带来了沉重的经济压力。靠挥霍钱获得的面子是短暂的、只能作为一个八卦话题，很快被其他人遗忘。因此，我们在打开钱包前，应该理性思考。我们应该记住幸福才是我们关注的重点。

2016年真题 小作文——建议信

Dear Jack,
  I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest. Since you asked for my advice,I’d like to share with you some of my thoughts on how to improve translation skills.
  To begin with,it is vital that you appreciate the beauty of language and hone your reading skills. Besides,a good translator usually reads extensively and constantly exposes himself to quality reading materials. One should cultivate a broad knowledge base and keep abreast of current events and issues. Moreover,be persistent. Language learning is not a task that can be accomplished within a short time. Only with a lot of sustained efforts can we improve our translation skills.
  I wish you find these suggestions useful and I’m more than willing to discuss it with you about further details. I’m looking forward to your reply.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

杰克:
  我写这封信以表达对你此前恭贺我在翻译比赛中获胜的感谢。另外，因为你咨询我的建议，在此我想就如何提高翻译水平和你分享一些我的看法。
  首先，你要欣赏语言之美，并打磨自己的阅读技能，这一点很重要。其次，一位好的译者通常博览群书，而且不断地让自己接触高质量的阅读材料。应当打下广泛的知识基础，同时与时俱进，跟上时事的步伐。此外，还要做到持之以恒。语言学习不是在短时间内就能完成的一项任务。只有持续的、极大的努力才能让我们提高翻译水平。
  我希望你觉得这些建议有用。我非常乐意和你进一步探讨这个话题。期待你的回复。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2016年真题 大作文——高校学生旅游目的的调查

  This pie chart,simple yet illuminating,illustrates the purposes of travel for students polled in a certain university. As is reflected by the chart,37 percent of college students travel to appreciate the beauty of the scenery; next comes the aim of relieving pressure,accounting for 33 percent. Students’ other objectives-making more friends,fostering greater independence,and other aims respectively account for 9%,6% and 15%.
  The survey reveals that most students go on a journey to enjoy the view as well as to unwind and recharge. On the one hand,with the prosperity of tourism,college students who have ample time,curiosity and energy to explore their individuality and see the outside world are lured to go out of campus and come into contact with grandeur and beauty. On the other hand,college students have their share of pressure coming from academic study,employment and interpersonal relationship,to which travelling is a wonderful antidote. One usually comes back from a trip feeling refreshed and revitalized.
  In my opinion,though it’s natural for college students to seek fun and enjoyment,they should attach deeper meaning to travelling. In the journey one can try to interact with local people and experience their culture in-depth,make friends with people from different cultural backgrounds and feel a sense of independence and self-reliance from the bottom of heart. Travelling truly could benefit a lot.

参考译文

  这张简单却具启发性的饼状图图解了某大学被调查的学生旅行的目的。正如图表反映的，37%的大学生旅行是为了欣赏景色的美好仅次之的是为了缓解压力，占了33%。学生的其他目的——结交更多朋友，培养独立能力以及其他分别占9%、6%和15%。
  该项调查显示，大多数学生去旅行的目的都是欣赏美景以及放松休息一下。一方面，随着旅游业的繁荣，有着足够时间、好奇心和精力去探索他们自身个性和看外面世界的大学生们很容易受到大千世界的诱惑，走出大学校园，去接触那些美好和壮阔。另一方面，大学生也有他们自己的压力，来自于学业、就业以及人际关系，而旅行是对抗压力的极妙良方。通常一个人旅行归来，都会感觉神清气爽，焕然一新。
  依我看来，尽管大学生寻求旅行的乐趣与享受很自然，但他们也应在这个过程中，一个人可以尝试着去接触当地人并深度体验他们的文化成为朋友，并且从心底感受到一种自由、自立的感觉。旅行的确能让人收益。

2017年真题 小作文——接受邀请信

Dear Professor Williams,
  I am honored to give a presentation about Chinese culture to international students at your invitation. I am pleased to take this opportunity to communicate with foreign friends about cultures.
  My presentation will be focused on Chinese martial arts,which is an important component of Chinese culture. To begin with,I will briefly introduce it and its development over millennia. Then,I will focus on some common styles of Chinese martial arts,each of which has its own set of techniques and ideas. Furthermore,I will show some photos of relevant historical locations and figures. I believe graphic visual depiction will be more impressive than boring language.
  Thank you for your invitation. I am looking forward to seeing you.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱的威廉姆斯教授,
  很荣幸能够受邀为留学生做有关中国文化的讲座。我非常愿意借此机会与外国朋友进行文化沟通和交流。
  讲座将以中国文化的一个重要组成部分——中国武术为主题。首先，我会对中国武术及其几千年来的发展历程进行简要介绍。然后，我将重点介绍一些常见的中国武术门派，其中每一派都有各自的技术和思想体系。此外，一些相关的历史遗迹和历史人物将用照片呈现给大家。我相信，相对于干瘪的文字，生动形象的视觉描绘可以给大家留下更深刻的印象。
  感谢您的邀请。期待与您见面。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2017年真题 大作文——博物馆数量与参观人数情况

  The given chart reveals China’s consecutive growth of museums and museum visitors from 2013 to 2015. The growth of museum experienced a slowdown in 2014,while the growth of museum visitors maintained a dynamic momentum.
  This phenomenon can be attributed to the following reasons. Firstly,thanks to national endeavor at cultural undertakings,numerous museums have been constructed and opened freely to the public. Moreover,China’s rapid economic growth underpins the cultural progress. With living-standard improving,the public demand increasingly varied spiritual nutrition,thus visiting museums and galleries has become a willing choice for more people.
  However,this encouraging sign also presents challenges,like how to address the supply deficiency posed by decelerated growth of museum and people’s increasingly diverse need for exhibitions. Museums can improve efficiency by embracing mobile and digital technologies like e-museum. Meanwhile,through digital pictures and interactive videos,visitors can appreciate numerous exhibits from around the world and obtain fresh visiting experiences. It’s believed that through joint efforts,China’s museums will constitute a bigger driving force advancing cultural development and the important means to enhance people’s well-being,thus further boosting economic and social development.

参考译文

  上述图表反映了2013年至2015年三年间中国博物馆数量以及参观人数连续攀升的情况。其中，博物馆增长在2014年出现放缓，而参观人数则始终保持强劲增长势头。
  之所以出现这种现象，原因可能有以下几点。首先，得益于国家对文化事业的鼎力支持，大批博物馆得以建成并免费对公众开放。其次、中国经济快速发展为文化进步奠定了坚实的基础。随着生活水平的提高、人们需要的精神食粮也愈加多样，流连于博物馆、美术馆自然成为了越来越多人的自发选择。
  不过，这一可喜现象背后也存在诸多挑战，如怎样应对博物馆增长放缓带来的供不应求问题以及人们日益多样化的观展需求问题等。博物馆可以通过移动数字技术，如网上观展来提高效率。同时，通过数字图片和互动视频，参观者们也能欣赏到来自世界各地的展品，获得全新的观展体验。相信通过各方努力，中国博物馆会对文化发展起到更大的推动作用，成为改善民生的重要阵地，从而推动经济社会的更快发展。

2018年真题 小作文——道歉信

Dear Professor Smith,
  I am writing to apologize for not being able to visit you as planned,since I have to cancel my travel plan for some reason. I am terribly sorry for any inconvenience this causes you and any changes that it necessitates in your current plans.
  I have been looking forward to seeing you since we made the appointment. Unexpectedly,I was asked to substitute for a classmate who suddenly fell ill to attend an important meeting. If it is possible,I would like to reschedule our appointment to a time convenient for you.
  Thank you for understanding in this matter. Looking forward to your reply.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱的史密斯教授,
  我因故不得不取消旅行计划，因此不能如约拜访您了，特写信向您致歉。给您带来的不便以及给您的计划带来的变动，我深表歉意。
  约定后我就一直很期待见到您。没想到，我临时被要求替代一名突然生病的同学参加一个重要会议。如果可能的话，我想重新约定一个您方便的时间与您见面。
  感谢您对此事的理解。期待您的回复。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2018年真题 大作文——消费者选择餐厅时的关注因素

  The pie chart clearly illustrates the factors consumers take into account when selecting a restaurant in a certain city in 2017. Among all of them,distinguishing features of a restaurant account for the largest proportion ( 36.3% ). Next come the service and environment,which constitute 26.8% and 23.8% respectively,much higher than the price (8.4%). Other factors make up 4.7%.
  What the statistics reflect is closely related to our economic development. For one thing,as per capita disposable income has risen,more and more people can afford to dine out,and it is natural that they care more about factors offering high-quality enjoyment rather than that of price,which used to be among their primary concerns. For another,an increasing number of restaurants with similar price levels are available to customers,so more attention would be paid to factors as features,service and environment.
  Predictably,the catering consumption upgrade will continue,and catering companies should identify what consumers really need and improve their overall competitive power.

参考译文

  饼状图清晰阐明了2017年某城市消费者选择餐厅时关注的因素。在所有因素中，餐厅的特色占比最高，为36.3%。接下来是服务和环境，占比分别是26.8%和23.8%，均远高于占比为8.4%的价格因素。其他因素占比为4.7%。
  图中数据所反映的现象与我们的经济发展情况紧密相关。一方面，随着人均可支配收人的提高，越来越多的人有能力负担外出就餐的支出，他们自然会更看重价格(消费者曾经最看重的因素之一)以外能够提供高品质享受的因素。另一方面，如今有越来越多同等价位的餐厅可供选择，因此消费者会更多关注产品特色、服务以及环境等因素。
  可以预见的是，大众餐饮消费升级仍会持续，而餐饮企业应洞察消费者的需求，提升自身综合竞争力。

2019年真题 小作文——建议信

Dear Professor Smith,
  Thank you for trusting me to arrange the debate. Now the competition is ready except for the debate topic,so I am writing to offer my advice regarding the topic.
  I suggest making “Is Traffic Jam Caused by Inadequate Transport Infrastructure or Poor Management “ our debate topic. This topic is debatable as it contains two major reasons of traffic paralysis. And given that urban planning and public policies involved are taught in this semester,I think the argumentation surrounding this topic will deepen students’ understanding of their courses. Finally,this topic which includes hot issues concerning every student,like shared bikes,is a great way to get them think and talk.
  The debate will be held at school hall from 6:00 p. m. to 8:00 p. m. on Friday. I will be waiting for your response on this matter.
                                   Yours sincerely,
                                   Li Ming

参考译文

亲爱史密斯教授
  感谢您信任我来组织本次辩论赛。目前，比赛各项事宜已准备就绪，只剩辩题尚未确定，所以我写信来告诉您我对选题的建议。
  我建议将“城市交通堵塞是基础设施问题还是管理问题”作为辩题。此辩题涵盖交通堵塞两大主要原因，具有辩论性。同时辩题涉及的城市规划、公共政策内容与本学期课程相关，我认为就此进行辩论可加深同学们对课程内容的理解。最后，这个辩题囊括了同学们关注的一些热点问题，如共享单车等，非常适合用来引发思考与讨论。
  本次辩论赛安排在周五晚上六点到八点，在学校礼堂举行。期待您对此事的回复。
                                   诚挚的，
                                   李明

2019年真题 大作文——某高校2013年和2018年本科毕业生去向统计

  The bar chart displays dramatic changes in terms of college graduates’ choices these years. Specifically,the proportion of those who entered the field of employment after graduation declined hugely from 68.1% in 2013 to 60.7% in 2018,whereas that of those pursuing further education ascended enormously from 26.3% to 34.0% during the same time span. In the meanwhile,the five years also witnessed a slight increase from 1.3% to 2.6% in the percentage of starting a business.
  The data reflects a shift in graduates’ view regarding post-university life. On the one hand,as graduates are mostly expected to support themselves,start a family and climb up the career ladder,joining the workforce often becomes their first choice. On the other hand,with people’s living improving,this idea is changing gradually. Owing to less financial stress,graduates are increasingly willing to undertake postgraduate study for higher goals in a world with greater demand for professionals. Meanwhile,going self-employed gets more popular as the threshold of starting a business lowers in digital economy.
  Predictably,with economic growth,graduates will enjoy more and diverse options. And only by creating the social atmosphere of respecting individual choices can more graduates fearlessly embark on the path that fits them most.

参考译文

  柱状图反映出近年来本科毕业生去向选择发生的巨大变化。具体而言，毕业后选择就业的人数占比从2013年的68.1%大幅降至2018年的60.7%，而同一时期内，升学人数占比却从26.3%跃升至34.0%。同时，创业人数比例在这五年中也有小幅攀升，占比从1.3%增加到2.6%.
  该数据反映了毕业生对”毕业后何去何从”的观念正在发生变化。一方面，由于社会普遍期待大学生毕业后自食其力、成家立业，找工作往往就成为他们的首选。另一方面，随着人们生活水平的提高，这种观念也在悄然发生变化。如今毕业生经济负担减轻，在这个对专业人才需求愈增的世界中，他们自然更愿意继续深造以实现更高的人生追求。同时，随着数字经济中创业门槛的降低，自主创业也愈加受到青睐。
  可以预见，随着经济的发展，毕业生的选择也会日益多元化。而只有全社会共同营造尊重个人选择的氛围，才能有更多高校毕业生勇敢选择最适合自己的发展道路。

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其他

六级 2012年12月第二套：社会热点：创新

  There is a saying that “The real danger is not that the computer will begin to think like man ,but that man will begin to think like the computer. ”The purpose of the saying is to show us that utmost importance should be attached to innovation and creativity.
  To begin with,an attitude of innovation could be said to be the watchword,or motto of science. Think of all the innumerable times a scientific experiment must be carried out,all the laboratory test,all the live trials,before a new medicine or vaccine is invented. In addition,innovation is also responsible for many of today’s business successes. For instance,it was only after four year and four different tries of varying business models that an entrepreneur finally found success,and went to become the chairman of one of the largest Internet companies.
  To sum up,in any field of endeavor,it seems necessary to first put great emphasis on innovation before one can finally reach success. It is as if life is testing us,testing our innovation and creativity to see if we are really dedicated to our vision,before life finally rewards us with success.

参考译文

  有一种说法“真正的危险并不在于计算机会像人一样开始思考，而是人会开始像计算机一样思考。”这句话的目的是向我们表明，最重要的是应该重视创新和创造力。
  首先，创新的态度可以说是口号或科学的座右铭。想想在新药或疫苗发明之前必须进行的无数次科学实验，所有实验室测试，所有现场试验。此外，创新也是当今许多商业成功的原因。例如，经过四年四次不同的商业模式尝试，企业家终于获得了成功，并成为最大的互联网公司之一的董事长。
  总而言之，在任何一个努力领域，似乎有必要首先非常重视创新，然后才能最终取得成功。就好像生活正在考验我们，测试我们的创新和创造力，看看我们是否真的致力于我们的愿景，在生命终于奖励我们成功之前。

六级 2013年6月第二套：人生哲理：习惯

  There is a saying that “Good habits result from resisting temptation”to which I can’t agree more. Unfortunately,lack of determined will and social experience,teenagers frequently fall into the traps of temptations such as Internet games,smoking,drinking,and so on.
  In a bid to form good habits,one needs a strong will and perseverance to resist temptation. Numerous examples can be given but these will suffice. The outstanding habit of reading classic literature on a regular basis is a case in point. Nevertheless,you would definitely have to spend less time on your favorite Internet games or fascinating mobile phones. Likewise,the good habit of doing exercises every day means repeatedly dragging oneself away from the TV series and cozy couch. These cases effectively clarify that good habits arises from resisting temptation.
  As has been mentioned above,a wise mind and determined will should be gradually cultivated so that the adolescents can resist various bad temptations and form excellent habits. Just as Oscar Wild,an esteemed British novelist put it. ”I can resist everything except temptation. ”

参考译文

  有一种说法是“抵制诱惑导致的良好习惯”，我不能同意更多了。不幸的是，缺乏坚定的意志和社会经验，青少年经常陷入网络游戏，吸烟，饮酒等诱惑的陷阱。
  为了养成良好的习惯，人们需要坚强的意志和坚持不懈来抵制诱惑。可以给出许多例子，但这些就足够了。定期阅读经典文学的杰出习惯就是一个很好的例子。然而，你肯定要花更少的时间在你最喜欢的网络游戏或迷人的手机上。同样，每天锻炼的好习惯意味着把你脱离电视剧和舒适的沙发。这些案例有效地澄清了抵制诱惑所产生的良好习惯。
  如上所述，应该逐步培养智慧的心灵和坚定的意志，使青少年能够抵抗各种不良诱惑，养成良好的习惯。正如着名的英国小说家奥斯卡·怀尔德（Oscar Wild）所说的那样，“除了诱惑，我能抵抗一切。”

六级 2013年6月第三套：环境保护

  Just as Mahatma Gandhi,a great Indian saint put it,”Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need,but not every man’s greed. ”More recently,the human race has begun to realize that protecting the earth in its natural condition is imperative for human survival. Essentially,we need the earth to counter the effects of global warming,air pollution and ecological balance. I can think of no better illustration than the following one. Owing to human greed,air pollution has become a major cause of respiratory illnesses. In many cities,the air is so bad that people actually wear mask and air filters. Breathing this air can kill you. More than ever,city dwellers need the natural areas where they can go to rest their lungs and breathe fresh air. Thus,we must preserve and restore whatever the earth we have left,especially the ones in and around the cities.
  To summarize,it is clear that humans need to leave the earth in its natural condition. We need the earth to combat air pollution,global warming and population explosion. It is my view that it is a long-term matter of life and death.

参考译文

  就像一位伟大的印度圣人圣雄甘地所说的那样，“地球足以满足每个人的需要，但不是每个人的贪婪。”最近，人类已经开始意识到保护地球的自然条件是必不可少的。人类的生存。从本质上讲，我们需要地球来应对全球变暖，空气污染和生态平衡的影响。我认为没有比下一个更好的例证了。由于人类的贪婪，空气污染已成为呼吸道疾病的主要原因。在许多城市，空气非常糟糕，人们实际上戴着面罩和空气过滤器。呼吸这种空气可以杀死你。城市居民比以往任何时候都更需要自然区域，他们可以在那里休息肺部并呼吸新鲜空气。因此，我们必须保留和恢复我们留下的任何地球，特别是城市内和周围的地球。
  总而言之，人类显然需要让地球处于自然状态。我们需要地球来对抗空气污染，全球变暖和人口爆炸。我认为，这是一个长期的生死攸关的问题。

六级 2013年12月第二套：人生哲理：快乐的定义

  As an old saying goes,”Happiness is not the absence of problems,but the ability to deal with them. ” Why is difficult to define ,or rather discover and achieve happiness? I maintain the major determinant lies in a person’s attitudes.
  There is little correlation between the circumstance of people’s lives and how happy they are. Instead ,happiness lies in the struggle to be happy. To demonstrate,people sometimes go to extremes,and frantically pursue money,power ,high social status ,and so on,which are all symbols of success—but never of happiness. Perhaps if they shifted their life’s goal from ultimate success to unswerving efforts and to a confidence that they will be successful one day they would be a great deal happier.
  Besides defining it,how do I achieve happiness? There is little doubt that various people have diverse ways of going about this task. As for me,the most significant secret is realizing that happiness is a by-product of something else.
  The most obvious sources are those pursuits that give our lives a purpose. These can be anything from playing tennis to studying insects. The more passions we have ,the more happiness we are likely to experience.

六级 2013年12月第一套：人生哲理：人生的意义

  The famous saying “The greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it”is rather thought-provoking,which tell us real meaning of life. It is contemporary social issue in China with common interests and permanent value.
  In my view,there are good reasons to undertake meaningful things that exert positive and profound influence on the society,such as protecting the environment,helping vulnerable groups as well as promoting education. To illustrate,Abraham Lincoln never wavered in his devotion to democracy and equality,whose life has become an inspiration in the United States and throughout the whole world. his life,though limited,definitely lasts longer,and is a life worth living. Likewise,a young person who aspires to be a great writer might decide to buy some literary books or spend weekends writing and refining his works. Without any aspiration,he might simply end up spending all his spare time surfing online or playing Internet games.
  In brief,a meaningful life servers to motivate and guide us in our daily that enable us to work towards accomplishing a special goal,objective or task.

六级 2017年6月第三套：国内上大学还是出国留学

  Speaking of attending college,people used to think about how to enter a good one. But today more people hesitate about whether to study at home or abroad. Undoubtedly ,studying abroad enriches life and cultivates open-mindedness and independence. But you may end up disappointed,if you are obsessed with overseas degrees and blindly follow suit,ignoring your circumstances and purposes.
  In order to achieve a successful outcome,first you should correctly evaluate yourself. The admission is just a kickoff. Studying abroad,before graduation you must meet strict academic requirements,overcoming huge language and cultural barriers. New statistics show Chinese students’ dropout rate climbs to 30% in elite American schools. Second,base your choice on the long-term plan. As international colleges are increasingly accessible and more students study abroad,the overseas experience is hardly the extra point. If you merely want to graduate from whatever university without a blueprint,you’ll have trouble landing a job both at home and abroad. After all,universities are platforms facilitating our development,and it’s the down-to-earth efforts that we rely on to make accomplishments.
  Of course,those attending domestic universities don’t have to regret missing top educational resources. Many top-ranking Chinese universities offer exchange programs and lectures given by foreign professors. In conclusion,whatever you study,cream always rises to the top.

参考译文

  说到上大学，人们过去常常考虑如何进入大学。但今天更多的人犹豫是否在国内或国外学习。毫无疑问，出国留学丰富了生活，培养了开放思维和独立能力。但如果你沉迷于海外学位并盲目跟风，忽视你的情况和目的，你可能会失望。
  为了取得成功，首先您应该正确评估自己。录取通知书只是一个开始。出国留学，毕业前必须满足严格的学术要求，克服巨大的语言和文化障碍。新的统计数据显示，在美国精英学校，中国学生的辍学率攀升至30％。其次，根据长期计划做出选择。随着国际学院越来越容易接触，越来越多的学生出国留学，海外经验几乎不是额外的加分项。如果你只是想从没有蓝图的大学毕业，那么你在国内外找工作就会遇到麻烦。毕竟，大学是帮助我们发展的平台，想要做出成绩，靠的还是脚踏实地的努力。
  当然，那些上国内大学的人不必后悔失去顶尖的教育资源。许多一流的中国大学提供海外交流项目和并凭请外国专家授课。总之，无论你选择在何处求学，金子总会发光。

六级 2018年12月第一套：如何平衡工作与休闲

  Aside from fierce competition which compels people to work longer,today’s technology is increasingly blurring the lines between office and home. All work and no play can make Jack not only a dull boy but one whose health is in jeopardy,so each of us should learn to balance work and leisure.
  In the first place,draw boundaries between work and life and ensure enough time of rest. Many studies suggest that when we stick to one type of mental activity,our brain becomes fatigued,which leads to decreasing productivity and even costly errors. So,as the workday ends,put work as well as our phone aside,enjoy activities we like and family time — that’s how we recharge to meet new challenges. Secondly,stay productive at work,which guarantees your free time after work. Productivity is not measured by the hours you sit at a desk. For open-ended tasks,it is advisable to set a self-imposed deadline and then stick to it. Don’t forget to take regular breaks too,for it can make you more focused and productive.
  If we make a conscious effort to balance work and leisure,life will reward us with satisfaction and fulfillment.

参考译文

  除了激烈的竞争迫使人们延长工作时间，今天的技术越来越模糊办公室和家庭之间的界限。只工作和不玩耍都会让杰克不仅是一个沉闷的男孩，而是一个健康受到威胁的人，所以我们每个人都应该学会平衡工作和休闲。
  首先，划分工作与生活之间的界限，确保有足够的休息时间。许多研究表明，当我们坚持一种类型的心理活动时，我们的大脑会变得疲惫不堪，从而导致生产力下降甚至代价高昂的错误。因此，随着工作日的结束，将工作和手机放在一边，享受我们喜欢的活动和家庭时间 - 这就是我们如何充电以迎接新的挑战。其次，保持工作效率，它将保证下班后的空闲时间。生产力不是根据您坐在办公桌前的时间来衡量的。对于开放式任务，建议设置一个自行设定的截止日期，然后坚持下去。不要忘记定期休息，因为它可以让你更专注，更有成效。
  如果我们有意识地努力平衡工作和休闲，生活将奖励我们满足和充实。

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